- In the Bible, Moses and Aaron were given the Urim and Thummim to help direct the people (Ex 28:30). Like Lehi the word of the Lord comes to Moses and the Lord says, “Take Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom is the spirit, and lay your hand on him. Have him stand before Eleazar the priest and the entire assembly and commission him in their presence. Give him some of your authority so the whole Israelite community will obey him. He is to stand before Eleazar the priest, who will obtain decisions for him by inquiring of the Urim before the Lord” (Num 27:20-21).
I find this confusing. At first, I felt this was the closest to a parallel that I had heard for the Liahona. However, as I study it, I see there are some obvious and significant problems.
If we take Exodus 31:18 literally, God gave Moses “tables of stones” on which words had been written by “the finger of God” – although the word finger is used figuratively or symbolically earlier in Exodus (8:19), and in 32:16 (which one may take literally or symbolizing harmony with God’s will), and in the Gospels “the finger of God” is symbolic of the spirit of God (Matthew 12:28). If we take Numbers 22 literally, God spoke through a member of the equine family. If we take Numbers 27:20-21 literally, decisions are obtained through the Urim and Thummim, whatever that is or those are. They may have been the stones representing the tribes, or they may have been a light or other non-physical manifestation, or the term may have referred to the casting of lots. The commentators lack confidence. Here is a place where a living prophet would come in very handy – to offer a convincing explanation that is ceremonially, ritualistically, sacerdotally, and theologically satisfactory, both for laity and for trained clergy. It would not be honest to say the nature of the Urim and Thummim “aren’t important for your salvation,” for they certainly are in the context of Mormon history and evidence (the “Three [apostate] Witnesses”).
The similarity is that in both cases, we seem to be speaking of physical objects, possibly excepting the Urim and Thummim, since some say the Urim and Thummim referred not to a physical thing, but to some manifestation such as light, or that it referred to casting lots. I confess, I do not know. Regardless, the similarity ends there.
Perhaps I should ask you for a physical description of the Urim and Thummim, and for a detailed description of how they functioned. When it comes to the differences, they are striking. I apologize if I am saying what is already obvious. The Liahona was composed of brass, spindles/pointers
within, writing on the pointers (such as telling someone to go into the mountains), which writing was
not always reliable! The description of the object uncannily echoes Cusick’s 1827 narration of a story about a giant who used “a curious instrument,” which he called “a pointer” which “directed him where to find game.” He “could not live without it.” When friendship was restored between the giant and a rival, the pointer, too, was restored to its original use.
I have written a bit more about this, but it seems to lead to more distant themes that I don’t feel I should bring up at this time. Short version: The main point I should like to make here, is that all the examples in the Old Testament in which God used objects, those objects were natural objects. God did not, to my recollection, construct a chariot, temple, helmet, sword, or compass. The liahona has nothing natural about it at all. It is obviously manufactured. It’s brass for goodness’ sake. To present such an object to a prophet may not be beyond God’s ability. It is however, totally out of character for Him. At least for the God of the Bible. Why should he have to manufacture a “GPS/compass”? Why not do as he has always done, speak through animals – cumoms and cureloms were aplenty – or through lots – or by inspiring a written message – or even by the spoken word, whether through a prophet, a child, a camel, or an equine? Why go through the very “curious” exercise of manufacturing “pointers” inside a ball, thus sinisterly teaching His people to rely “on the [manufacturing] arm of flesh” rather than on the [invisible] spirit and, as far as Mormon revelation is concerned, “good feelings”? What sort of God would act so contrary to his own history and nature.