I didn’t know how to reply but I was horrified to this church.
What is the history and why was this made?
For specifically the Sedlic ossuary:
The ossuary (bone storage area underground) was built as part of a church to hold the “overflow” bones from the surrounding cemetary, which had grown overfilled from popularity since a monk had supposedly brought soil from Jerusalem back and spread it there. The plague further crowded the cemetary to the extent they had to dig up old bones to make room for new bodies to decompose in the ground. These bones were stored in the ossuary, which was designed for this purpose.
Some time in the 1870s, it was decided that having stacks of bones was not tastefully displayed, and an artist was hired to tastefully display the bones in an artistic fashion which would honor the bodies and honor God. That is how the ossuary (the basement bone storage room) became a chapel.
There are many other ossuaries around Europe, including the Catacombs of Paris (not a church), the Brno ossuary, one in Poland, another in Portugal, and the Capuchin bone chapels in Rome (made from the exhumed bones of the order which were dug up and brought to Rome when the Capuchins fled persecution in France).
Why?
Generally, the artful display of the bones was meant to honor the bodies of ancestors. Catholics in Europe didn’t really share the same squeemish-ness about death and bodies at the time (as compared to most of their protestant counterparts).
More importantly, each one of the ossuaries that serves a religious role usually centers around Momento Mori… remember that you will die. The Capuchin bone chapels have a saying written on the wall as you enter: “As you are, so we were. As we are, you will become.” This is a call to reflect on our mortality. Our time on earth is short, and we should live for our salvation in what time we have.
I haven’t visited the Sedlic Ossuary, but I did find the Capuchin bone chapels to be not nearly as creepy as I would have thought… it was actually a very thought-provoking and strangely peaceful place.