So at the end of Ch. 11 of Revelations, the heavens open up and in God’s temple the Ark of the Covenant is revealed. In Ch. 12, the ark is replaced by the woman crowned with stars. The woman and the Ark of the Covenant are revealed as one and the same. In the Old Testament, the ark contains three things: (1) the stone tablets of the Ten Commandments, (2) a jar containing some of the manna which God provided in the desert in Exodus, and (3) the staff of Aaron, the 1st high priest of the Old Law. Because of what it held inside, the Ark of the Covenant’s presence became synonymous with the presence of God among the Israelites. Where goes the Ark, so goes the presence of Yahweh.
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Luke also understood Mary is the new Ark of the Covenant, as revealed in his account of the Visitation (cf. Lk. 1:39-56). Let's see how he compares Mary's visitation to Elizabeth with the ark's bearing the presence of God to Jerusalem in 2 Samuel Ch. 6:
**2 Samuel 6**
- David arose and went back to Judah. (v2)
- David says, “How can the Ark of the Lord come to me?” (v9)
- The ark resided there for three months. (v11)
- The people rejoice ….“amid the festivities”. (v12)
- They brought the ark “amid shouts of joy”. (v15)
- David leaps and dances before the ark (v16)
Luke 1
- Mary arose and went to the hill country of Judah.(v39)
- Elizabeth says, “Who am I that the mother of my Lord should come to me?” (v43)
- Mary stays three months with Elizabeth.(v56)
- Mary rejoices “in God my Savior”. (v47)
- Elizabeth cries out in a loud voice “Blessed are you among women” (v42).
- The babe leaps in Elizabeth’s womb at Mary’s greeting (v41)
Luke also related Mary to the ark in Exodus. "The Spirit of God
would overshadow and rest on the ark (vf. Ex. 40:34), thus showing the people the presence of God. In the Gospel, the angel Gabriel tells Mary that the
Holy Spirit will come upon her and overshadow her (cf. Lk. 1:35). If in the Old Testament belief, the ark, which was made of gold and wood, held such a place of honor due to its mediating the presence of God, should we be surprised that Mary holds a place of surpassing honor in New Testament worship? The ark bore the presence of God and, after the Annunciation, Mary bore God in her womb. Just as the ark contained a) the tablets of the Old Law, b) the manna, and c) the staff of Aaron, Mary holds in her womb Jesus Christ the Messiah who is a) the New Law, b) the true bread from heaven, and c) the true high priest who offers His own life for us.
The Church, which is the New Israel, understands that the role of the Ark of the Covenant has been transferred to Mary. “She bore Christ’s presence to the world and is the spiritual mother of all Christians” (cf. Rev. 12:17). In the Old Testament, the ark also served as a mighty weapon in Israel’s holy wars. The Book of Numbers tells us that “whenever the ark set out, Moses said, 'Arise, O Lord, and let thy enemies be scattered; and let them that hate thee flee before thee” (Num. 10:35). Mary also assumed the role of the ark, in the battles with the New Israel’s enemy, Satan. “She is granted power and protection over the dreaded dragon, who cannot prevail against her” (Rev. 12:13-16).
Just as the Ark of the Covenant was made holy by its contents, Mary was made holy by the Son of God, made flesh within her womb. If the ark was rightly revered in Israel’s liturgy, Mary, the Ark of the New Covenant, should have a place of great honor in the liturgy and life of the new Israel, the Church. Therefore, the Catechism declares that “Mary, the all-holy ever-virgin Mother of God, is the masterwork of the mission of the Son and the Spirit in the fullness of time” (no. 721). Because she is God’s masterwork, it is no wonder that all generations shall call her blessed.
Notworthy