Hey, all. Disclaimer: I’m sort of currently a mess, so feel free to take everything I say with a grain of salt. I just figure another perspective can’t hurt.
I’ve privately ID’d as asexual for a while now (almost three years, I think?). Words like “asexual” are map, not territory— they’re an easy way to describe a person’s internal desires, but they’re not hard-and-fast categories. I use the word to explain that I don’t have any particular sexual interest in specific people of any gender. It’s possible that this will change as I grow older, but I’m not holding my breath, and I don’t think it would be wise for me (or anyone) to enter a marriage while relying on the possibility that things will instantly change as soon as the sacrament is complete. That seems risky and foolish, especially when the outcome is so important.
On the other hand, I really, really like the idea of raising children with another person, and I think I’d be pretty good at it, provided I was in good mental health. I’m also not so opposed to the idea of sex that I don’t think I could bring myself to have sexual relations with a specific person, even if I might not enjoy it in quite the same way that other people do. In my case, I think a fulfilling marriage would at least be a theoretical possibility, even if it might be difficult to find a suitable partner. Of course, it’s also possible that marriage isn’t my vocation, and that I’ll have to give up that desire for a family in order to walk some other path. Every vocation involves some sort of sacrifice, I think. I’m not really giving much serious consideration to my vocation right now (as I said, currently a mess), but I’m sure that God will prepare me for whatever path I was created to walk, when the time comes.
I have to agree with OP that asexuality is not likely to be due to a treatable medical condition, any more than homosexuality is likely to be due to a treatable medical condition. Yes, there are sometimes physical issues that inhibit a person’s libido, but that’s a separate issue. I’m pretty sure nobody has any idea how to induce attraction in a person who doesn’t experience it (or who experiences very little of it). It may be disordered— I wouldn’t know, honestly— but if so, I don’t think it’s something we know how to correct.
That said, OP’s posts do make me uncomfortable. In particular, Misty, I worry that your focus is on what you want, rather than on how you are called to serve. You emphasize that you want to experience a close, loving relationship with another person. Honestly, though, I don’t think that’s what marriage is about— or, in any case, that isn’t what makes it a marriage, and marriage is by no means the only way that people can experience close, loving relationships. Marriage is about much more than that. It’s about raising children, yes, but it’s also about giving yourself totally to another person, without holding anything back. If you don’t want to do that, then I would seriously reconsider whether marriage is your true vocation.
That may sound harsh, but you and I are hardly the only people in this position. There are lots of people who can’t get married, or who can’t marry the people they would like to marry. Think of people who would like to marry members of the same sex, or people with mental disabilities that prevent them from forming a stable bond with someone else. These people aren’t unworthy of love, but they may still be unable to marry (either unable to marry the people they love most, or unable to marry at all). That doesn’t mean the Church is being cruel or unfair, it just means they’re not able to fulfill the duties associated with marriage, and are therefore called to serve in other ways.
The Church certainly never said that anyone should not love or be loved by others. Love and relationships are an integral part of
every vocation. They’re an integral part of being human. Even if you’re not called to marriage, that doesn’t at all mean that you shouldn’t experience closeness, friendship, trust, or love. It just means that they might look a little different for you than they look for married people, and that’s OK.
So. In terms of canon law, I think 1ke has answered your question— sexual attraction is not, strictly speaking, a necessary component of a valid marriage. On the other hand, if you only want to marry someone because you want to love and be loved, I suggest that you might benefit from expanding your understanding of “love”. You might find that what you’re looking for isn’t necessarily exclusive to marriage or married couples, and that you’re actually called to love and serve others in some other context.
Anyway, all the best. I hope at least some of this was helpful.
