Hello. I have a question about John 19:26-27 regarding the universal motherhood of Mary.
When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple there whom he loved, he said to his mother, "Woman, behold, your son.“Then he said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother.” And from that hour the disciple took her into his home.” (John 19:26-27).
I know that John was a symbol of the whole Church, and Jesus was giving His mother symbolically to all of us, not only to the Apostle John. But I am trying to show Early Church evidence of this to someone who does not believe this.
Could someone direct me to an early Christian document or quotes from Church Fathers demonstrating that this symbolism dates back to the first centuries? Thank you!
Because others have already delved into Catholic sources, I decided to examine Orthodox ones. After all, the Orthodox Christians likewise believe in the universal motherhood of Mary and have recourse to the Early Church Fathers. With this in mind, I examined some of my Orthodox reference books and came across what at first appeared to be a real “gem.” However, an element of frustration quickly set in, as you’ll see in a moment.
An Orthodox catechism called
The Living God states the following as a commentary on John 19:26-27:
…everything which concerns John is of special importance to us in examining a personal, loving relationship with the Lord.
One of the Fathers of the Church says that to understand the Gospel of John we must lean on Jesus’ breast and from Him receive Mary as our mother.
…she is also the Mother of all believers, united in the body of Christ. Each one of us, as a part of this body, must try to become another John. And to become another John, we must accept Mary as mother and hear ourselves called by Jesus “sons” of Mary.
- Editions du Cerf, Olga Dunlop, trans., The Living God: A Catechism for the Christian Faith, Vol. 1 (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 2004), 194 (emphasis added).
The problem is that this book does not give us the actual name or source for this comment concerning “one of the Fathers of the Church.” Naturally, this is the “element of frustration” that I referred to earlier. The text has a footnote, but the footnote is only a brief elaboration on the theological history of the concept of Mary’s motherhood and certain Marian devotions, but does not provide us with any details about the ECF mentioned. For example, the footnote states:
Mary has assumed the role of Mother to all believers since the first days of the Church. We know that she shared the life of the apostles: “All these with one accord devoted themselves to prayer, together with the women and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with His brothers” (Acts 1:14). …On many occasions Mary acts as a loving mother to men. She often intervenes in the lives of Christians through miraculous signs. The Feast of the Protection of the most holy Theotokos especially commemorates her help.
In light of all this, I don’t know how compelling this reference from
The Living God would be to the person you’re debating with, seeing as we cannot provide the name, date and actual quotation of the ECF in question. Still, this at least shows that the interpretation of John 19:26-27 which you presented is not exclusive to Catholicism and that an Orthodox catechism testifies to its historicity.
Gratia vobis et pax multiplicetur,
Fr. Eric
Diocese of Savannah