Biritual priests and bishops?

[Thomas48]

I was wondering do priests and bishops have to leave their Eastern Catholic Church of birth and become official members of the Latin Catholic Church in order to serve in Latin Diocese? What are the regulations of serving in diocese of different rites? I was curious because there are two bishops and an archbishop who were born in the Knanaya Catholic Archdiocese of Kottayam but are now serving in Latin Catholic Diocese in India and abroad.

Its also interesting how our title system works, because since these bishops were born in Kottayam Diocese we give them the Syriac title of Mar, which means lord but we do not give regular Latin Catholic Bishops the tittle Mar.

Syro Malabar Bishops of Kottayam Archdiocese
-Metropolitan Mar Mathew Moolakkatt
-Bishop Mar Joseph Pandarasseril
-Archbishop Emeritus Mar Kuriakose Kunnacherry

** Latin Catholic Bishops from Kottayam Archdiocese **
-Archbishop Mar Abraham Viruthakulangara (Nagpur Diocese)
-Bishop Mar George Palliparambil (Kohima Diocese)
-Bishop Bishop James Thoppil (Miao Diocese)

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[Aramis]

Deacons, Priests, and Bishops may NOT switch canonical enrollment - They remain forever enrolled in the church they were ordained a deacon in. (In other words, if they were ordained a deacon while a Ruthenian, they are forever a Ruthenian.) And canon law requires they be ordained within the church they are enrolled in.

They have incardination into a diocese or religious order. Usually, this is a diocese/eparchy of the church that ordained them, but not always; religious clergy are incardinated by their order or society, provided it is in good standing with the church… Incardination changes when a priest, deacon, or bishop transfers from one diocese to another. Note that incardination requires the permission of the receiving ordinary (diocesan bishop, or religious major superior), and if the cleric is incardinated elsewhere, permission from the releasing ordinary, or a higher authority (Archbishop, Patriarch, the Pope).

The Ordinary of Incardination supplies Faculties - permissions to perform the various sacraments, sacramentals, and ministries associated with their ordination.

Priests and Deacons can receive faculties from a bishop-ordinary other than their incardinating ordinary. This is actually fairly common; several of my pastors have all had faculties in at least two different rites, as have two “relief priests.” Note that I’ve never heard of a Religious Order granting faculties to non-members for their distinctive rites except to permanent deacons, but the only one that has much public use of its rite is the Dominican Rite.
Monsignor Mitered Archpriest Michael Artim: Byzantine-Ruthenian, with Roman Faculties
Fr. Steve Greskowiak: Transferred to the Ruthenian Church prior to Ordination, later received faculties in the Roman Church.
Fr. Michael Hornig: Roman Rite, granted Byzantine Faculties; Transferred his incardination to the Ruthenian Church.
Fr. James Barrand: Convert into the Ruthenian Church. Ordained a Ruthenian Priest. On leave of absence (to care for sick parents), was loaned to a Roman Diocese and granted Roman Faculties.
Friar Steven Gross: Roman Rite, faculties for the Melkite Church, Ruthenian Church, Ukrainian Church, and IIRC, one other.

Oh, and quite often, a priest will have his incardinating diocese’s faculties extended to all dioceses of the same Province (all those dioceses with the same Archbishop), and often to all neighboring dioceses. This is usually a standing permission to function, rather than a specific individual faculty, but that also can be granted.

Changing incardination isn’t all that common; loans of priests are not uncommon, but incardination change is somewhat more involved.

Note that any priest may serve as concelebrant in any Catholic Rite, provided he vests according to his allowed faculties. He can only serve as primary celebrant in a rite he’s got faculties for. Likewise, a deacon may serve in any Rite, provided he vests according to his faculties and incardination; he can’t serve outisde a priest-lead liturgy according to a rite he has no faculties for, but in a pinch, can provide the equivalent service he does have faculties for. (Noting that many EC deacons have far more restricted faculties than Roman deacons do. A byzantine Deacon isn’t always granted faculties for the deacon’s typica; the Roman deacons are almost always granted permission to lead a communion service, which is the exact equivalent service to Deacon’s Typica with Communion.)

 

[Vico]

I was wondering do priests and bishops have to leave their Eastern Catholic Church of birth and become official members of the Latin Catholic Church in order to serve in Latin Diocese? What are the regulations of serving in diocese of different rites? I was curious because there are two bishops and an archbishop who were born in the Knanaya Catholic Archdiocese of Kottayam but are now serving in Latin Catholic Diocese in India and abroad.

Its also interesting how our title system works, because since these bishops were born in Kottayam Diocese we give them the Syriac title of Mar, which means lord but we do not give regular Latin Catholic Bishops the tittle Mar.

Syro Malabar Bishops of Kottayam Archdiocese
-Metropolitan Mar Mathew Moolakkatt
-Bishop Mar Joseph Pandarasseril
-Archbishop Emeritus Mar Kuriakose Kunnacherry

** Latin Catholic Bishops from Kottayam Archdiocese **
-Archbishop Mar Abraham Viruthakulangara (Nagpur Diocese)
-Bishop Mar George Palliparambil (Kohima Diocese)
-Bishop Bishop James Thoppil (Miao Diocese)

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I know of one Byzantine Catholic priest that changed canonical enrollment from the Latin Church after ordination. There are also two kinds of indults granted without change of Church:

1. Bi-Ritual - fatulty to celebrate the liturgy and sacraments according to the liturgical rite of another Church as well as ones own.
2. Adaptation of Rite - faculty to be part of the liturgical, theological, spiritual and disciplinary patrimony of another Church, though always remaining ascribed to his own Church sui iuris. They may celebrate the liturgy of either Church.

 

[Thomas48]

Thanks for the replies Vico and Aramis, that really helped. Another question to you though, I’ve always been curious to why the Latin Catholic Church chose these three Syro Malabar priests to become bishops of the Latin Diocese? Would it not be the custom to chose Latin priests to head Roman Catholic Diocese?

 

[Aramis]

Thanks for the replies Vico and Aramis, that really helped. Another question to you though, I’ve always been curious to why the Latin Catholic Church chose these three Syro Malabar priests to become bishops of the Latin Diocese? Would it not be the custom to chose Latin priests to head Roman Catholic Diocese?

It could be that the local Roman priests respected them, and asked their bishop to submit their names as suitable candidates.

It might be that they are familiar with the area, and speak the needed languages.

It might be that the local Roman priests lacked the qualifications for ordination to the Episcopate. (DDiv, DTh, or equivalent)

It might be that Rome wanted to shake things up. You could always write to Cardinal Ratzinger and ask…

 

[Vico]

Thanks for the replies Vico and Aramis, that really helped. Another question to you though, I’ve always been curious to why the Latin Catholic Church chose these three Syro Malabar priests to become bishops of the Latin Diocese? Would it not be the custom to chose Latin priests to head Roman Catholic Diocese?

There are Latin Catholics that are Knanaya. Are these bishops Knanaya?

 

[Thomas48]

It could be that the local Roman priests respected them, and asked their bishop to submit their names as suitable candidates.

It might be that they are familiar with the area, and speak the needed languages.

It might be that the local Roman priests lacked the qualifications for ordination to the Episcopate. (DDiv, DTh, or equivalent)

It might be that Rome wanted to shake things up. You could always write to Cardinal Ratzinger and ask…

Ah I see, thank you Aramis.

There are Latin Catholics that are Knanaya. Are these bishops Knanaya?

I’ve actually never heard of Latin Knanayas but yes these bishops are Knanaya who were born and raised in Kottayam Archdiocese. The new diocese they serve are completely Latin Rite though.

 

[Vico]

Ah I see, thank you Aramis.

I’ve actually never heard of Latin Knanayas but yes these bishops are Knanaya who were born and raised in Kottayam Archdiocese. The new diocese they serve are completely Latin Rite though.

From the situation in the USA I know there are Knanayas of three Churches:

“The members of the Knanaya Catholic community in North America observe the Syro Malabar, Syro Malankara and Latin rites.”

kccna.com/node.php?id=30

 

[Thomas48]

From the situation in the USA I know there are Knanayas of three Churches:

“The members of the Knanaya Catholic community in North America observe the Syro Malabar, Syro Malankara and Latin rites.”

kccna.com/node.php?id=30

What the website means by that is that we observe the Latin Rite as well. As in we take part in Latin Mass not that we are baptized members of the Latin Church. Some Knanayas go to Latin Mass if the Knanaya Parish is to far away or if they happen to be late to the Knanaya Qurbana and the Latin Mass is offered at a time of convenience.

 

[Vico]

What the website means by that is that we observe the Latin Rite as well. As in we take part in Latin Mass not that we are baptized members of the Latin Church. Some Knanayas go to Latin Mass if the Knanaya Parish is to far away or if they happen to be late to the Knanaya Qurbana and the Latin Mass is offered at a time of convenience.

But Knanaya are members of churches other than the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church and the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church.

 

[Thomas48]

There are Knanaya Catholic (Syro Malabar and Syro Malankara,we share a diocese) and Knanaya Jacobite (Syriac Orthodox). I also know there is an unofficial small group of Knanaya Pentecostals. This seems to be off topic, P.M if you have any questions .

 

[Vico]

There are Knanaya Catholic (Syro Malabar and Syro Malankara,we share a diocese) and Knanaya Jacobite (Syriac Orthodox). I also know there is an unofficial small group of Knanaya Pentecostals. This seems to be off topic, P.M if you have any questions .

There are those Knanaya Catholics that have canonically transferred membership from the Syro-Malabar or Syro-Malankara churches to another Catholic church sui iuris.

 

[Thomas48]

Is there? I did not know. Joining another Sui Juris would mean that they have left Kottayam or Chingavanam Archdiocese’, which are the bases for Knanaya Christians.

 

[Vico]

Is there? I did not know. Joining another Sui Juris would mean that they have left Kottayam or Chingavanam Archdiocese’, which are the bases for Knanaya Christians.

There is some flexibility in the matter with the wife and children.

CCEO Canon 32

1. No one can validly transfer to another Church sui iuris without the consent of the Apostolic See.
2. In the case of Christian faithful of an eparchy of a certain Church sui iuris who petition to transfer to another Church sui iuris which has its own eparchy in the same territory, this consent of the Apostolic See is presumed, provided that the eparchial bishops of both eparchies consent to the transfer in writing.

CCEO Canon 33
A wife is at liberty to transfer to the Church of the husband at the celebration of or during the marriage; when the marriage has ended, she can freely return to the original Church sui iuris.

CCEO Canon 34
If the parents, or the Catholic spouse in the case of a mixed marriage, transfer to another Church sui iuris, children under fourteen years old by the law itself are enrolled in the same Church; if in a marriage of Catholics only one parent transfers to another Church sui iuris, the children transfer only if both parents consent. Upon completion of the fourteenth year of age, the children can return to the original Church sui iuris.