Perhaps the best place to start is the executive order itself. Here is a
link to it.
Wisdom of the policy aside, I have grave concerns about a president wielding this kind of authority. Such action might even be unconsitutitional. It definitely blurs the lines of separation of powers.
Agree with the advice- read the order yourself, then go read from multiple sources with their various possible axes to grind what they see as upsides/downsides.
Executive Orders can be unconstitutional/unlawful. Several of Obama’s, including a couple on immigration, were found to be unlawful.
Executive Orders are supposed to be limited to directions on carrying out existing laws. President is the chief executive and it’s his responsibility to faithfully execute— via the multiple government executive agencies-- the laws congress passes.
Big problem is laws congress writes which leave a lot of discretion to the executive department in carrying them out. Congress often passes laws which are fairly broad with little in the way of detail. This is why executive agencies like Education Department, Labor Department, EPA, DoJ (and their subordinate agencies like DHS/ATF) pass lots of regulations ‘fleshing out’ congressional laws with details of how they’ll actually be applied. And those regulations have the force of law.
As long as the regulations or executive orders are consistent with the laws congress passes they’re constitutional (assuming the underlying congressional law is constitutional). If they contradict or exceed the authority granted within the law, they’re not lawful executive orders. Yes-- a lot of judgment and room for lawyers to argue with our system.
(ETA- sorry left out there is currently a debate about laws where congress ‘delegates authority’ to the executive agency in specific areas/issues, and whether congressional authority can be legally/constitutionally delegated to the Executive Branch at all).