Finally, as to the pope obeying the Superior General of the Jesuits, this is unchartered territory. There has never been a Jesuit and none of the previous precedents apply. All of the other religious pope that we had were either monks or friars. Jesuits are Clerks Regular. It is really up to Pope Francis, not up to Canon Law to decide how that relationship will go. There as never been such a situation.
He did give us a hint on the Solemnity of St. Ignatius when he said that the Superior General owes obedience to the pope, but “since I am a Jesuit first and will always be a Jesuit, it is appropriate that I also obey the superior general.” He went on to emphasize “I am Francis, but not Franciscan. I am Jesuit.” In other words, the precedents established by the mendicant and monastic popes do not bind him, because he’s not in the same category of religious. At the same time, those precedents do not liberate him from everything either, because he is not in the same class of religious.
It is useless for us to discuss how much a Jesuit pope can be Jesuit, since there is no precedent.
In closing, I should also call attention to the fact that the only time that religious ordained bishops were separated from their orders was under the Code of 1917. To say that the “old law says” is nonsense. The Code of 1917 was one of the shortest lived codes in the history of the Church (b. 1917 and d. 1983 - age 67). We have codes that govern this which date back to the 13th century.
Bonaventure was a bishop and cardinal who governed his diocese in absentia, because his brothers elected him superior general and then commanded him to drop everything to write the official and definitive works on St. Francis.
Pius V was a bishop, cardinal and pope who governed always as a Dominican Friar.
Clement was a Benedictine who never ceased to be a Benedictine
Nicholas IV was a Franciscan, bishop, cardinal and pope who governed as a Franciscan.
They thought that by separating the bishops from their institutes they could avoid conflicts on interests. But Pope Paul VI, who was one of the best canon lawyers of the 20th century said that Canon Law must be based on faith.
If the Church approves a way of life as a means to salvation, it stands to reason that the law has to continue to respect that way of life as a means to salvation. Therefore, it is inconsistent to create a law that separates a man from a covenant that God chose for his salvation, because God does not withdraw his promises. Paul VI regarded this part of the Code of 1917 to be in conflict with the faith. When the pope approves a way of life as a sure way to haven for those who embrace it, he cannot approve error even though he is exercising the ordinary magisterium. Therefore, this covenant remains in effect so that a Jesuit simply becomes a Jesuit bishop. Remember, the pope is the Bishop of Rome. He is the Jesuit Bishop of Rome. That’s all.
Allow me to repeat my most frequently offered piece of advice. Focus on what’s immediately before you and on what is calling for your immediate attention first. When you have fixed it all, then you can meander out to fixing what the pope says or does.
Begin on
- Your soul
- Your spouse, if you have one; religious community, if you have one; immediate family, if you have no spouse or community
- Your children, if you have any
- Your parish
- Your job
- Your domestic duties
If you still have time and energy, then go fix whatever you think that the pope broke that you now have to go out and pick up the pieces.
As for me, the pope is not my child. I am not his boss. I don’t work for him. I feel no obligation to even look around to make sure that he has not left any candy wrappers, much less alleged or imagined bloopers. If he calls on me to serve in this capacity, then I will serve. But I don’t think he’ll ever call. He has enough people telling him what to do
One of the things that I most admire about Pope Francis is that he knows how we think, but he doesn’t give a darn. One of the things that make me chuckle about us in Traddom, is that we have been screaming for a pope who flexes his muscles. Here he is. Here is a pope who does, says and drives what he wants. Suddenly, we are very uncomfortable. We wanted to pick and choose which muscles he flexes. But if that were the case, he’d be a figurehead driven by a constituency and by traditions that don’t bind him. A pope who flexes his muscles is one who preaches the Gospel, using his style, he words, according to what he sees to be the need of the Church and accepts the advice and feedback of those whom he chooses, not those who choose to offer it. That’s real freedom of power.