The answer is scriptural and theological. Dr. Scott Hahn points out that the Garden of Eden is like the tabernacle that the Israelites would later build to house the ark of the covenant, the earthly dwelling place of God.
The same word that is used in Genesis for Adam and Eve “tending” the garden is the same Hebrew word that is used the Temple work of the levitical priests.
John Bergsma has a recent book called Bible Basics for Catholics: A new picture of Salvation History.
He, too, does a brief but essential word study of Genesis to point out how the language actually describes how Adam as the firstborn son, priest, prophet, king, and bridegroom.
defined simply as communication with God, we have to assume Adam prayed with God.
Your title question may be refined, I presume, to whether the Bible records any explicit prayers to God – no, not that I can tell. When Adam looked around and did not find any suitable mate for himself, I have to assume that he somehow communicated with God about his needs – because God saw this and took care of the problem.
I whimsically point out that even the first man could not go one day without a woman at his side.