sorry I got interrupted.
children should have memorized the basic prayers including act of contrition, be attending Mass, and understand, at their level, what is going on and why, and how to follow along with the Mass prayers and responses said by the congregation.
for first confession the child has to understand the difference between right and wrong. He has to know how to evaluate an action, or the decision to make an action, to determine whether or not it is good, neutral, or sinful. He has to know the 10 commandments and beatitudes and laws of the Church and what they mean, and how they pertain to him. Most first confession programs have guides to examination of conscience, but unless the textbook has had teaching on the commandments, sometimes they are week on that point.
He has to understand the ritual and effects of the sacrament of penance and reconciliation. What is the confession part of the sacrament? what is the reconciliation part? what is the forgiveness part? what is the penance part? what is the contrition part? What is the role of the priest?
He should understand the sanctity of the seal, that the priest will not reveal what he says, that it is private between him and the priest, that he must be complete, tell what he did, and how many times, the priest will not yell at him, but will help him find ways to do better. He has to understand the form–be sure to discuss with the priest who will be hearing first confessions what he expects. The best preparation is helping the parents learn how to prepare their child at home, because there is not enough time in school or CCD to practice, and it is in the home that the child sees forgiveness, reconciliation, and contrition modelled.
For first communion the child must know who Jesus us and desire to receive him. He must understand the difference between the consecrated Body of Christ and Precious Blood and ordinary bread and wine. Again he must understand the role of the priest in the Mass and Eucharist. He must know how to receive, when, and why we do this.
If your children can list the 10 commandments that is great, but if they do not understand how it is possible for a 5th grader to “commit adultery”, in other words, how to recognize times in their own life when they sin or are in danger of sin, that memorization is not going to help much at confession time.