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MarkThompson
Guest
I think that’s debated. It was certainly true of, say, Cardinal Antonelli in the nineteenth century. But Ferdinando de’Medici was elevated to cardinal at the tender age of 13, for purely political reasons (he would go on to become Grand Duke of Tuscany). Maybe they were handing out minor orders along with lollipops in those days, but the burden would seem to be on the person asserting it to show this. In any event, the traditional view of the minor orders is that they are non-sacramental, non-apostolic, and humanly instituted offices – making it, as I said before, hard to imagine how someone could argue that they are an ontological prerequisite to serving the pope in the office of cardinal. The cardinalate qua cardinalate is, after all, a purely administrative function within the Church.You are referring to some cases where a man who had received minor orders (a cleric, not a layman) became a cardinal. The office of cardinal has always in 2,000 years of Church Tradition been bestowed upon bishops, priests, deacons, and sometimes those in minor orders. Never has it been bestowed upon a layman, much less a laywoman.
Really, a lot of these questions (e.g., but can a woman be a cardinal-deacon?) are basically moot, since the greater power includes the lesser, and thus if the pope possesses the authority to abolish the college of cardinals – which he does – then he has the authority to modify or reorder it, say by adding an order of “cardinal-administrators” who vote in the conclave and serve on discasteries but do not have any liturgical function at all.