Mass Reading - June 7, 2005

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I try to read the Liturgy of the Word each day and something I’ve always wished for a is a commentary on those readings. Well, I’ve decided this is a great place to start our own. So I’ll post the reading below, and put some of my own thoughts up (not many on todays). I’d love to see what others think!

From: usccb.org/nab/today.htm
Reading I
2 Cor 4:7-15

Brothers and sisters:
We hold this treasure in earthen vessels,
that the surpassing power may be of God and not from us.
We are afflicted in every way, but not constrained;
perplexed, but not driven to despair;
persecuted, but not abandoned;
struck down, but not destroyed;
always carrying about in the Body the dying of Jesus,
so that the life of Jesus may also be manifested in our body.
For we who live are constantly being given up to death
for the sake of Jesus,
so that the life of Jesus may be manifested in our mortal flesh.

So death is at work in us, but life in you.
Since, then, we have the same spirit of faith,
according to what is written, “I believed, therefore I spoke,”
we too believe and therefore speak,
knowing that the one who raised the Lord Jesus
will raise us also with Jesus
and place us with you in his presence.
Everything indeed is for you,
so that the grace bestowed in abundance on more and more people
may cause the thanksgiving to overflow for the glory of God.

Responsorial Psalm
Ps 116:10-11, 15-16, 17-18

R. (17a) To you, Lord, I will offer a sacrifice of praise.
or:
R. Alleluia.
I believed, even when I said,
“I am greatly afflicted”;
I said in my alarm,
“No man is dependable.”
R. To you, Lord, I will offer a sacrifice of praise.
or:
R. Alleluia.
Precious in the eyes of the LORD
is the death of his faithful ones.
O LORD, I am your servant;
I am your servant, the son of your handmaid;
you have loosed my bonds.
R. To you, Lord, I will offer a sacrifice of praise.
or:
R. Alleluia.
To you will I offer sacrifice of thanksgiving,
and I will call upon the name of the LORD.
My vows to the LORD I will pay
in the presence of all his people.
R. To you, Lord, I will offer a sacrifice of praise.
or:
R. Alleluia.

Gospel
Mt 5:27-32

Jesus said to his disciples:
"You have heard that it was said, You shall not commit adultery.
But I say to you,
everyone who looks at a woman with lust
has already committed adultery with her in his heart.
If your right eye causes you to sin,
tear it out and throw it away.
It is better for you to lose one of your members
than to have your whole body thrown into Gehenna.
And if your right hand causes you to sin,
cut it off and throw it away.
It is better for you to lose one of your members
than to have your whole body go into Gehenna.

“It was also said,
Whoever divorces his wife must give her a bill of divorce.
But I say to you,
whoever divorces his wife (unless the marriage is unlawful)
causes her to commit adultery,
and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.”
Click to expand...
 
I don’t have much to say about this one, except the reading from 2 Corinthians is just really cool! It really has the theme of suffering with Christ, and manifesting his grace through our participation in that suffering, running through it.

At first, the connection between the Gospel reading and the other two passages isn’t obvious. But I wonder if the Gospel teaching, which is certainly hard and can cause quite a bit of “suffering” for those who’ve made poor choices, isn’t coupled with the first two to point to the redemptive quality of that suffering?

God Bless!
 
The Navarre Bible Commentary on the first reading may be helpful:

7-12. In contrast to the greatness of the Gospel–the “treasure”
entrusted to them by God–St. Paul emphasizes the limitations of its ministers: they are “earthen vessels” (v. 7). To illustrate this he describes the afflictions and persecution to which he finds himself subjected and in which God’s grace always comes to his aid.
In some way these sufferings of the Apostles and of all Christians
reproduce in their lives the sufferings of Christ in his passion and
death. In his case his suffering opened the way to his glorification after the Resurrection; similarly his servants, even in this life, are experiencing an anticipation of the life they will attain in heaven; this helps them overcome every kind of affliction.
7. St. Paul again stresses that the effectiveness of all his apostolic activity comes from God (cf., e.g., 1 Cor 1:26-31; 2 Cor 3:5); he it is who places his treasures in poor earthenware vessels. The image the Apostle uses–which is reminiscent of the clay which God used to make Adam (cf. Gen 2:7)–helps Christians realize that through grace they bear in their souls a wonderful treasure, God himself; like earthen vessels they are very fragile and they need to be put together again in
the sacrament of Confession. As a gloss on these ideas Monsignor Escriva taught that Christians by bearing God in their souls are enabled to live at one and the same time “in heaven and on earth, divinized: but knowing that we are of the world and made of clay, with the frailty that is typical of clay–an earthenware pot which our Lord has deigned to use in his service. And whenever it has got broken, we have gone and riveted the bits together again, like the prodigal son:
‘I have sinned against heaven and against you…’” (quoted in Bernal, “Monsignor Escriva de Balaguer”).
8-9. The Apostle’s words assure the Christian that he or she can always count on God’s help: no matter what trials they have to undergo, victory can be attained with the grace of God as happened in St. Paul’s case. “God is faithful, and he will not let you be tempted beyond your strength, but with temptation will also provide you the way of escape, that you may be able to endure it” (1 Cor 10:13). Moreover, St. Paul’s example reminds us that more or less severe suffering and tribulation will be a normal thing in the lives of Christ’s followers; theirs will
never be a comfortable, trouble-free life. “If it is your ambition to
win the esteem of men, if your desire to be well-regarded and seek only a life of ease, you have gone astray …]. In the city of the saints, entrance is given and rest and eternal rule with the King, only to those who have made their way along the rough, narrow way of tribulation” (Pseudo-Macarius, “Homilies”, XII, 5).
10-11. As happened in St. Paul’s case, in their daily lives Christians must relive the sufferings of Christ through self-denial and penance: this is part of following Christ and imitating him. “The Christian vocation is one of sacrifice, penance, expiation. We must make reparation for our sins–for the many times we turned our face aside so as to avoid the gaze of God–and all the sins of mankind. We must try to imitate Christ, ‘always carrying in the body the death of Christ’,
his abnegation, his suffering on the cross, ‘so that the life of Jesus may be manifested in our bodies’ (2 Cor 4:10). Our way is one of immolation and, in this denial, we find “gaudium cum pace”, both joy and peace” ([St] J. Escriva, “Christ Is Passing By”, 9).
Self-denial, mortification, does not have to be something overt; it
should be practiced in the ordinary circumstances of life–for example, by being punctual for appointments, carefully fulfilling one’s duties, treating everyone with as much charity as possible, accepting little setbacks in a good-humored way (cf. [St] J. Escriva, “Friends of God”, 138).
10. “The death of Jesus”: more exactly, the “dying” of Christ: the
Greek word refers to the situation of someone who is dying.
12. In the Apostles, and also in other Christians, the paradox of
Jesus’ life is verified: his death is the cause of life for all men.
“Unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains
alone, but if it dies, it bears much fruit” (Jn 12:24). Afflictions
and tribulations, physical and moral pain, daily self-denial and
penance, cause Christ’s disciple to die to himself and, if united to
the sufferings of his Master, they become a source of life for others through the communion of saints.

(continued)
 
Continued from previous post:

13-18. The Apostle explains where he gets the strength to bear all the tribulations of life–from his hope in the resurrection and his
expectation of being in heaven with those to whom he is writing
(v. 14). There is nothing selfish about this desire for heaven: it
helps us to stay true to the faith and it enables us to see all the
sufferings of this life as something transitory and slight (v. 17), a
necessary step to heaven and a way to obtain incomparably greater happiness. “If we wish to enjoy the pleasures of eternity,” St. Alphonsus reminds us, “we must deprive ourselves of the pleasures of time. ‘Whoever would save his life will lose it’ (Mt 16:25) …]. If we wish to be saved, we must all be martyrs, either by the tyrant’s sword or through our own mortification. Let us have this conviction–that everything we suffer is nothing compared with the eternal glory that awaits us. ‘I consider the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to us’ (Rom 8:18). These momentary afflictions will bring us eternal happiness (cf. 2 Cor 4:17)” (“Treasury of Preaching Material”, II, 9).
13. The Apostle’s faith leads him to keep on preaching, despite all the difficulties this may involve. There is nothing else he can do: he is convinced that his faith is what can save the world and he cannot but strive to spread it. If he acted otherwise it would mean his faith was asleep and he did not truly love others. “When you find that something has done you good,” St. Gregory the Great explains, “try to bring it to the attention of others. You should, therefore, desire others to join you on the ways of the Lord. If you are going to the forum or the baths, and you meet someone who is not doing anything, you invite him to go along with you. Apply this earthly custom to the spiritual sphere, and as you make your way to God, do not do so alone”
(“In Evangelia Homiliae”, 6, 6).
14. What inspires St. Paul’s apostolic activity and enables him to bear all the difficulties it involves, is his firm belief in resurrection in glory, the basis and cause of which is Christ’s resurrection. He also has the hope of sharing this happiness in heaven, in the presence of God, with all the faithful for whose salvation he is working on earth.
15. After reminding the Corinthians that all the sufferings he has been peaking about he has borne for their sake (cf. 4:5), St. Paul tells them what motivates him most–the greater glory of God, to whom the faithful should turn in deep gratitude (cf. 1:11; 9:12). This should be man’s primary attitude to God–one of profound adoration and thanksgiving for all his benefits, as we are daily reminded in the Preface of the Mass.
“If life’s purpose were not to give glory to God, how contemptible, how hateful it would be” ([St] J. Escriva, “The Way”, 783).
 
Here is the Navarre Commentary on the Gospel reading:

Commentary:
27-30. This refers to a sinful glance at any woman, be she married or not. Our Lord fills out the precepts of the Old Law, where only adultery and the coveting of one’s neighbor’s wife were considered sinful.
“Lustfully”: feeling is one thing, consenting another. Consent presupposes that one realizes the evil of these actions (looking, imagining, having impure thoughts) and freely engages in them.
Prohibition of vices always implies a positive aspect–the contrary virtue. Holy purity, like every other virtue, is something eminently positive; it derives from the First Commandment and is also directed to it: “You shall love the Lord your God WITH ALL your heart, WITH ALL your soul, and WITH ALL your mind” (Matthew 22:37). “Purity is a consequence of the love that prompts us to commit to Christ our soul and body, our faculties and senses. It is not something negative; it is a joyful affirmation” ([St] J. Escriva, “Christ Is Passing By”, 5). This virtue demands that we use all the resources available to us, to the point of heroism if necessary.
“Right eye”, “right hand”, refers to whatever we value most. Our Lord lays it on the line and it not exaggerating. He obviously does not mean that we should physically mutilate ourselves, but that we should fight hard without making any concessions, being ready to sacrifice anything which clearly could put us in the way of offending God.
Jesus’ graphic words particularly warn us about one of the most common occasions of sin, reminding us of how careful we need to be guarding our sight. King David, by indulging his curiosity, went on to commit adultery and crime. He later wept over his sins and led a holy life in the presence of God (cf. 2 Samuel 11 and 12).
"The eyes! Through them many iniquities enter the soul. So many experiences like David’s!–If you guard your sight you will have assured the guard of your heart: ([St] J. Escriva, “The Way”, 183).
Among the ascetical methods of protecting the virtue of holy purity are: frequent Confession and Communion; devotion to our Lady; a spirit of prayer and mortification; guarding of the senses; flight from occasions of sin; and striving to avoid idleness by always being engaged in doing useful things. There are two further means which are
particularly relevant today: “Decorum and modesty are younger brothers of purity” ([St] J. Escriva, “The Way”, 128). Decorum and modesty are a sign of good taste, of respect for others and of human and Christian dignity. To act in accord with this teaching of our Lord, the Christian has to row against the current in a paganized environment and bring his influence for good to bear on it.
“There is need for a crusade of manliness and purity to counteract and undo the savage work of those who think that man is a beast. And that crusade is a matter for you” ([St] J. Escriva, “The Way”, 121).

(continued)
 
Continued from the previous post:

31-32. The Law of Moses (Deuteronomy 24:1), which was laid down in ancient times, had tolerated divorce due to the hardness of heart of the early Hebrews. But it had not specified clearly the grounds on which divorce might be obtained. The rabbis worked out different sorts of interpretations, depending on which school they belonged to–solutions ranging from very lax to quite rigid. In all cases, only husband could repudiate wife, not vice-versa. A woman’s inferior position was eased somewhat by the device of a written document whereby the husband freed the repudiated woman to marry again if she wished. Against these rabbinical interpretations, Jesus re-establishes the
original indissolubility of marriage as God instituted it (Genesis 1:27; 2:24; cf. Matthew 19:4-6; Ephesians 1:31; 1 Corinthians 7:10).
[The RSVCE carries a note which reads: “unchastity”: The Greek word used here appears to refer to marriages which were not legally marriages, because they were within the forbidden degrees of consanguinity (Leviticus 18:6-16) or contracted with a Gentile. The phrase “except on the ground of unchastity” does not occur in the parallel passage in Luke 16:18. See also Matthew 19:9 (Mark 10:11-12), and especially 1 Corinthians 7:10-11, which shows that the prohibition is unconditional.] The phrase, “except on the ground of unchastity”, should not be taken as indicating an exception to the principle of absolute indissolubility of marriage which Jesus has just re-established. It is almost certain that the phrase refers to unions accepted as marriage among some pagan people, but prohibited as
incestuous in the Mosaic Law (cf. Leviticus 18) and in rabbinical tradition. The reference, then, is to unions radically invalid because of some impediment. When persons in this position were converted to the True Faith, it was not that their union could be dissolved; it was declared that they had never in fact been joined in true marriage.
Therefore, this phrase does not do against the indissolubility of marriage, but rather reaffirms it.
On the basis of Jesus’ teaching and guided by the Holy Spirit, the Church has ruled that in the specially grave case of adultery it is permissible for a married couple to separate, but without the marriage bond being dissolved; therefore, neither party may contract a new marriage.
The indissolubility of marriage was unhesitatingly taught by the Church from the very beginning; she demanded practical and legal recognition of this doctrine, expounded with full authority by Jesus (Matthew 19:3-9; Mark 10:1-12; Luke 16:18) and by the Apostles (1 Corinthians 6:16; 7:10-11; 39; Romans 7:2-3; Ephesians 5:31f). Here, for example, are just a few texts from the Magisterium on this subject:
“Three blessings are ascribed to matrimony …]. The third is the indissolubility of matrimony–indissoluble because it signifies the indivisible union of Christ with the Church. Although a separation from bed may be permitted by reason of marital infidelity, nevertheless it is not permitted to contract another matrimony since the bond of a
marriage lawfully contracted is perpetual” (Council of Florence, “Pro Armeniis”).
 
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