The only truth of the 800,000 figure is that Pinchas Lapide made a ‘back of an envelope’ calculation and it took on a life of its own. Finding a reputable historian who would agree with the figure/argument is another matter altogether.
I’m saying this as somebody who thinks that Pius XII, between a rock and a hard place, made the decisions and contributions he could make. The defence of the Pope against uninformed denunciations isn’t helped by equally uninformed claims, however.
*…What of Rome itself? In 1943 the German ambassador to the Holy See, Von Weizsaecker, sent a telegram to Berlin. The telegram has been cited as damning ‘evidence’ against Pius XII.
“Although under pressure from all sides, the Pope has not let himself be drawn into any demonstrative censure of the deportation of Jews from Rome … As there is probably no reason to expect other German actions against the Jews of Rome we can consider that a question so disturbing to German-Vatican relations has been liquidated.”
Von Weizsaecker’s telegram was in fact a warning not to proceed with the proposed deportation of the Roman Jews: ‘there is probably no reason to expect other German actions against the Jews of Rome’. Von Weizsaecker’s action was backed by a warning to Hitler from Pius XII: if the pursuit and arrest of Roman Jews was not halted, the Holy Father would have to make a public protest. together the joint action of Von Weizsaecker and Pius XII ended the Nazi manhunt against the Jews of Rome. 7,000 lives were saved.
**In Hungary, an estimated 80,000 **baptismal certificates were issued by Church authorities to Jews. In other areas of Eastern Europe the Vatican escape network (organised via Bulgaria by the Nuncio Roncalli - later John XXIII) has impressed those writers who have studied the subject, with the effectiveness of the Church’s rescue operation. David Herstig concludes his book on the subject thus:
“Those rescued by Pius are today living all over the world.
There went to Israel alone from Romania 360,000 to the year 1965.”
The vindication of Pius XII has been established principally by Jewish writers and from Israeli archives. It is now established that the Pope supervised a rescue network which
saved 860,000 Jewish lives - more than all the international agencies put together.
…*
jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/piusdef.html
And again here:
*…Dalin also cited a study that was conducted by former Israeli consul general Pinchas Lapide during the 1960s, as proof that the claims of both the ADL and Cornwell are false.
“In his work, Lapide documents how Pius XII worked for the salvation of at least 700,000 [Jews] from the hands of the Nazis. However, according to another estimate, this figure rises to 860,000,” Dalin told the conference. …*
cnsnews.com/news/article/rabbi-says-pope-saved-more-jews-holocaust-schindler
Seems like more than the back of a napkin–or envelope–to me.