Pope Benedict XVI About the Saint John of the Ladder

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Since two days ago was the Latin-rite celebration of Pascha (Easter), I greet you with: Christ is risen from the dead!


Pope Benedict XVI:

"…John known as [Sinaites or Scholasticus or] Climacus, a Latin transliteration of the Greek term klimakos, which means ‘of the ladder’ (klimax, ‘ladder’). This is the title of his most important work in which he describes the ladder of human life ascending towards God. . . .

"He became famous, as I have already said, through his work, entitled Climax [Paradisi, ‘The Ladder of Paradise’], in the West known as ‘The Ladder of Divine Ascent’. Composed at the insistent request of the hegumen [abbot] of the neighbouring Monastery of Raithu in Sinai, The Ladder is a complete treatise of spiritual life in which John describes the monk’s journey from renunciation of the world to the perfection of love. This journey according to his book covers thirty ‘steps’, each one of which is linked to the next. . . .

All together, these ‘steps’ of The Ladder undoubtedly constitute the most important treatise of spiritual strategy that we possess.

(General Audience, 11 February 2009)

A brief excerpt from The Ladder (4, 62):

Do not be deceived, son and obedient servant of the Lord, by the spirit of conceit, so that you confess your own sins to your master as if they were another person’s. You cannot escape shame except by shame. It is often the habit of the demons to persuade us either not to confess, or to do so as if we were confessing another person’s sins, or to lay the blame for our sin on others. Lay bare, lay bare your wound to the physician and, without being ashamed, say: 'It is my wound, Father, it is my plague, caused by my own negligence, and not by anything else. No one is to blame for this, no man, no spirit, no body, nothing but my own carelessness.’”
 
St John of Sinai has taught something very important: that the deadly passion for vainglory (that is, for the praise of people) leads to pride (immoderate self-esteem, or self-deception) leads to delusion (insanity) or even demonic possession.

Some like to distinguish vainglory from pride and to give it a special place and chapter. And so they say that there are eight capital and deadly sins. But Gregory the Theologian and other teachers have given out that there are seven; and I am strongly inclined to agree with them. For who that has conquered vainglory has pride within him? The only difference between them is such as there is between a child and a man, between wheat and bread; for the one is the beginning and the other the end.” (Step 22, 1)

Pride is denial of God, an invention of the devil, the despising of men, the mother of condemnation, the offspring of praise, a sign of sterility, flight from divine assistance, the precursor of madness, the herald of falls, a foothold for satanic possession, source of anger, door of hypocrisy, the support of demons, the guardian of sins, the patron of unsympathy, the rejection of compassion, a bitter inquisitor, an inhuman judge, an opponent of God, a root of blasphemy.
The beginning of pride is the consummation of vainglory; the middle is the humiliation of our neighbour, the shameless parade of our labours, complacency in the heart, hatred of exposure; and the end is denial of God’s help, the extolling of one’s own exertions, fiendish character.” (Step 23, 1-2)
 
[We, many or more than a few of us, usually or too often tend to speak about pride as if it would be an attitude that’s causelessly happening. But] St John of Sinai has taught something very important: that [indulging in] the deadly passion for vainglory (that is, for the praise of people) [is what] leads to pride (immoderate self-esteem, or self-deception) [and then pride] leads to delusion (insanity) or even demonic possession.
For comparison, St Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153, France) has taught that these are the twelve degrees/gradations of pride:

1 Curiosity (sinful, including vain, curiosity); 2 Levity of mind; 3 Giddiness; 4 Boasting; 5 Singularity (individuality, peculiarity); 6 Self-conceit; 7 Presumption (entitlement); 8 Self-justification; 9 Hypocritical confession (see Isaiah 3: 9); 10 Revolt against God; 11 The so-called “freedom” to sin; 12 The habit of sinning.
 
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