Jeane:
My father is a Protestant (Church of Christ) who stopped attending 25 years ago. He has never accepted my conversion to Catholicism and, recently, we got into a heated argument about attending worship services.
He says that Christians are judged by the life they lead and aren’t required to attend Mass/a worship service. I disagree, but can’t find a Scriptural reference to back it up.
Help! Am I wrong? Is he?
There is a difference between the obligation of a day of rest and the determination of which day it will be.
If you are Jewish then of course Saturday is your Sabbath day!
If you are Christian however that day is no longer Saturday, but Sunday and it has nothing to do with Constantine. He just enacted a civil law requiring rest on the already well established “Christian Sabbath” day. The Commandment does not specify a specific day just “a day of rest”, the meaning of the word Sabbath. The Jewish people chose the 7th day, the day God rested in Genesis, and the Christians chose the “8th” day, the day of the resurrection. The day has “shifted”, by who’s authority? The Church’s. The Church established by Christ and clothed with his authority ( MT 2:28 / JN 20:21) and by “the power of the keys” ( Mt 16:19) given to Peter to bind and loose! Peter chose to replace Judas on the Church’s authority, the Apostles added Paul to their number by their authority, the authority given them by Christ.
Is the “Sunday Sabbath” unbiblical?
No, it may not be found in the Bible, but it is not against any teaching of the Bible.
John does mention the “Lord’s Day”. If one studies the writings of the Apostolic Fathers and the pre-Nicene Fathers one finds that Sunday is well established as the day of Christian worship from the close of the first century on. St. Ignatius of Antioch, at the beginning of the second century, referred to the drastic change that took place with the coming of Christ when "those who walked in ancient customs came to a new hope, no longer Sabbathing but living the Lord’s Day, on which we came to life through him and through his death.’’ Since the Apostles and disciples were “Jewish-Christians” they met in the synagogue on Saturday and in the Christian home communities on Sunday to celebrate the Eucharist until Christianity separated itself from Jewish practice. Before the year A.D. 100, we already have written record of the Sunday practice of assisting at Mass in the Teaching of the Twelve Apostles. It is expressed in mandatory form in the Didache.
In the middle of the second century, Justin the Martyr left a detailed account of how the faithful gathered together for the celebration of the sacred mysteries. He also explained why Sunday was observed among Christians.
The Bible does shed some light on the subject; Jesus rose on the first day of the week, he appeared to the Apostles on the first day of the week, and never again on the Sabbath. The Holy Spirit descended on Pentecost Sunday. The Apostles met on the “first day of the week” (Act 20:7) etc.
There is also a passage in James that speaks of “not neglecting the assembly”, the coming together for worship.