Unicorns in the King James Version

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There are several places in the Old Testament of the King James Version of the Bible in which (the horns of) “Unicorns” are mentioned.

Numbers 23:22, 24:8
Deuteronomy 33:17
Job 39:9-10
Psalms 22:21, 29:6, 92:10
Isaiah 34:7

All of the other versions of the Bible that I own have (the horns of) “Wild Oxen” instead of “Unicorns”.

Does anyone know why Unicorns appear in the KJV?

Are there any other versions of the Bible (especially previous ones) that have Unicorns in them?
  • Greg
 
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Greg72:
There are several places in the Old Testament of the King James Version of the Bible in which (the horns of) “Unicorns” are mentioned.

Numbers 23:22, 24:8
Deuteronomy 33:17
Job 39:9-10
Psalms 22:21, 29:6, 92:10
Isaiah 34:7

All of the other versions of the Bible that I own have (the horns of) “Wild Oxen” instead of “Unicorns”.

Does anyone know why Unicorns appear in the KJV?

Are there any other versions of the Bible (especially previous ones) that have Unicorns in them?
  • Greg
I would like to know too, because it’s present in the Douay-Rheims, and if I see it, the Latin Vulgate… :confused:

Actually, supposedly, it is a wild ox, or bull, with a single horn. But earlier bibles, called then a unicorn for that reason, unlike the mythical creature we have today.

But I’m sure another can divulge in this…
 
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Greg72:
All of the other versions of the Bible that I own have (the horns of) “Wild Oxen” instead of “Unicorns”.

Does anyone know why Unicorns appear in the KJV?

Are there any other versions of the Bible (especially previous ones) that have Unicorns in them?
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silverwings_88:
I would like to know too, because it’s present in the Douay-Rheims, and if I see it, the Latin Vulgate… :confused:
In Latin:

Unicorn = Monoceros
Rhinoceros = Rhinoceros

In both the DR and LV, the Unicorn is definitely present in Isaiah, but from what I can see, the other books (Num, Deut, etc…) have it translated as “Rhinoceros” (except perhaps Psalms - I couldn’t make heads or tails of it - it was absent from the Douay-Rheims, and the Latin Vulgate didn’t seem to match up with the numbers (or else the words were very different)) .

Does your Douay-Rheims version have Unicorn in all of the books, and if so do you know if that was was done to bring it in line with the KJV 😉
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silverwings_88:
Actually, supposedly, it is a wild ox, or bull, with a single horn. But earlier bibles, called then a unicorn for that reason, unlike the mythical creature we have today.

But I’m sure another can divulge in this…
I have no doubt of that. Thank you for pointing me back to the Latin - until then, I was sure that it was an English addition.

Seeing that that wasn’t the case, I just went back and took a peek at the Hebrew, but was in way over my head there. If anyone is familiar with how the passages were worded in Hebrew (and esp. if Isaiah is different), that would be very useful. Other informatio, too, such as whether or not they would have seen rhinoceri, and if Unicorns were a part of the culture in Isaiah’s time would also be most appreciated.
  • Greg
 
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Greg72:
There are several places in the Old Testament of the King James Version of the Bible in which (the horns of) “Unicorns” are mentioned.

Numbers 23:22, 24:8
Deuteronomy 33:17
Job 39:9-10
Psalms 22:21, 29:6, 92:10
Isaiah 34:7

All of the other versions of the Bible that I own have (the horns of) “Wild Oxen” instead of “Unicorns”.

Does anyone know why Unicorns appear in the KJV?

Are there any other versions of the Bible (especially previous ones) that have Unicorns in them?
  • Greg
Try here 🙂

blueletterbible.org/tmp_dir/words/7/1117928127-5048.html

The Hebrew is the word for the wild bull - possibly the aurochs, which is now extinct - well, was 🙂

bbc.co.uk/nature/wildfacts/factfiles/3037.shtml

the wild ox in Deut. 14.5:

blueletterbible.org/tmp_dir/words/8/1117928427-8138.html

is apparently the oryx

Hope this helps ##
 
Gottle of Geer:
Hope this helps ##
Very much, thanks (those are a couple of great sites - immediately bookmarked)

So, now it looks like the Latin Vulgate, erroneously translated the Hebrew “r’em” as “rhinoceros”, which in at least one case (“monoceros”) became “unicorn” in the Douay-Rheims. The King James Version then made all occurances “unicorns” and most (if not all) other versions moved to correct the original error, making them “wild oxen”.

I have been curious about this for quite some time - unicorns just didn’t seem to fit into the Old Testament very well, and I wondered where the KJV got them from. I’m now wondering why the KJV hasn’t been revised.

Thank you all again.
  • Greg
 
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Greg72:
I’m now wondering why the KJV hasn’t been revised.
The sects that worship the KJV believe it is the only accapetable translation and that it is perfect. Sometimes you get the feeling that they believe it fell from Heaven or that the Apostles carried it around themselves :rolleyes: .
 
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Greg72:
Very much, thanks (those are a couple of great sites - immediately bookmarked)

So, now it looks like the Latin Vulgate, erroneously translated the Hebrew “r’em” as “rhinoceros”, which in at least one case (“monoceros”) became “unicorn” in the Douay-Rheims. The King James Version then made all occurances “unicorns” and most (if not all) other versions moved to correct the original error, making them “wild oxen”.

I have been curious about this for quite some time - unicorns just didn’t seem to fit into the Old Testament very well, and I wondered where the KJV got them from. I’m now wondering why the KJV hasn’t been revised.

It has - but it’s all rather complicated 😃

The AV of 1611 (KJV in the USA) was revised in
1881 - NT
1885 - OT
1895 - Apocrypha

This revision affected only the UK

In 1901, the USA scholars who had been in touch with the British Revisers published a US equivalent of the RV, called the American Standard Version. Quite a few conservative Protestants in the USA seem to like the ASV - at least if they’re Presbyterians.

in 1946, in the USA, an NT revision of the ASV was published, followed in 1952 and 1957 by the OT and Apocrypha - this is the Revised Standard Version, or RSV

The New American Standard Bible is a revision of the ASV as well, in a more conservative direction than the RSV - the NT was published in 1963, and the OT in 1971. As a Protestant version, it keeps to the 66-book canon

Back in 1946 again, it was decided in the UK to produce a completely fresh translation of the Bible, which would not be a version in the tradition of the AV. This is the New English Bible (NT 1961; OT & Apocrypha 1970), and is of Protestant origin; it should not be confused with the NAB, which is Catholic, from the USA, and began as a revision of the 1941 Confraternity Version, itself a revision of the USA edition of the Challoner Bible, itself a revision, with more than a hint from the AV, of the Douay Reims (and that is a simplified account :D)

If your head isn’t spinning, read on…

in 1965-66, there were British and US editions of the RSV for Catholics

in 1973, the Common Bible, an edition of the RSV for Protestants, Catholics, & Orthodox, was published.

At some stage - in the 1980s ? - there was a light modernisation of the AV-KJV, which is called the New King James Version. I think it’s from the USA. It tidies out the verses which rest on weak or textual evidence, but is basically a titivated form of the KJV.

And that’s basically it - a skeleton account of the relation of the modern versions to the AV.

A useful link: bible-researcher.com/versions.html ##
Thank you all again.
  • Greg
 
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Greg72:
I’m now wondering why the KJV hasn’t been revised.

Gottle of Geer said:
## It has - but it’s all rather complicated 😃 …]

That’s an understatement 🙂
…]
Gottle of Geer:
If your head isn’t spinning, read on…
It took a few readings - that’s for sure.
…]
Gottle of Geer:
And that’s basically it - a skeleton account of the relation of the modern versions to the AV.
“a skeleton account”? I was starting to wonder where the “begats” went to 😃
Gottle of Geer:
Very useful, thanks.
  • Greg
 
This has been a very educational thread 🙂

I guess this discussion helps to make better sense out of Numbers 23:22 from the KJV, which sounded kind of strange when I read it (
I’ve never really thought of Unicorns as “strong” animals):

“God brought them out of Egypt; he hath as it were the strength of an unicorn.”
 
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