Just a handful of examples. In the book
“Music in the Western World”, a document by Andre Maugars writing on Music in the Churches of Rome, 1639 notes:
…I will give you a description of the very excellent concert I heard in Rome on the eve and feast of St. Dominick
[sic], in the church of Santa Maria on the ruins of the Minerva [Rome’s only Gothic Church]. This church is rather long and capacious, and in it there are two great organs built on either side of the main altar, where two choirs had been placed. Along the nave there were eight more choirs, four on each side, placed on scaffolding eight or nine feet high, equidistant from each other and all in view of each other…
and a little later in the document
…These very words having been said to me in the French Church on the eve of Saint Louis when I was attending an excellent concert given there, I resolved the next morning, inspired by the holy name of Louis, by the honor of our nation, and by the presence of the twenty-three cardinals who attended the Mass, to go up into a gallery, where having been received with applause, I was given fifteen or twenty notes on a little organ, after the third Kyrie Eleison, and I improvised on them with so much variety that they were quite happy, and had the cardinals ask me to play again after the Agnus Dei…This deed won me the highest honor I could have received; for the report of it, having spread throughout Rome, came as far as the ears of His Holiness, who did me the special favor a few days later of sending for me, and said to me, among other things, “We have heard that you have a special talent and we would like to hear you.” I will not tell you how happy His Holiness showed himself to be after having done me the honor of listening to me for more than two hours…
Several things we can glean from this document. First, non-liturgical musical concerts were being readily given in the churches of Rome and France. Second, they must have poured enormous sums of money into these concerts to have 6 choirs each with an organ on scaffolding (wow! can you imagine that!). Third, things such as applause during Mass and extemporaneous and contemporary musical performance during Mass even in the presence of Cardinals are not a brand new never before seen occurrence in the last 40-50 years. Fourth, even the Pope seems to have been on board with all of this. And lastly, all of this was documented in the relatively immediate wake of the Council of Trent.
Another work, the “History of Western Music” (aka Norton Anthology of Music) notes:
Italy had a long tradition of religious music outside church services, such as the lauda. In seventeenth-century Rome, a new genre of religious dramatic music emerged, combining narrative, dialogue, and commentary. Toward midcentury, such works became known as oratorios, after the Italian word oratorio, or prayer hall, where lay societies met to contemplate, hear sermons, and sing laudas and other devotional songs.
Oratorios were that culture’s and time’s form of a “praise and worship” service.
In more recent time, for just one last and modern example, on
October 22, 2005, Pope Benedict XVI attended a concert given in the Sistine Chapel.