A
Aelred_Minor
Guest
In the case of someone who is asleep, the will may not be involved at all. In the case of someone who is drunk, it is not their free will that is taken away but their faculties of sense and especially intellect. They still remain morally accountable for the choices of their wills within the context of what they knew was right and wrong at the time.I think the idea that the will is weakened does have merit here when we are talking about sleeping. One of the conditions of mortal sin is that one must have full consent of the will. If one’s will is weakened to the point that they do not have full consent of the will that they have while awake. For instance, if a person masturbates in their sleep but can not control it because they do not have control how can they be held accountable for that? They may never masturbate when they are awake but when they go to sleep no matter what they do it makes no difference because what happens when they are asleep they have little control over. Are they supposed to constantly feel guilty for something they have no control over? It’s like being drunk or under the influence of a drug. It would be unjust to condemn a person in that situation. Sin is only sin when we make a choice to do something contrary to God’s law. If there is no freedom of choice how can there be sin? But you are right that there is little thought to the morality as well as usually cognitive awareness is low. For instance, you think you are engaged in sex with some woman in your dream. Certainly your perception of reality is scewed.
I think a good discussion of this issue is found here. Pay attention to Fr. Farraher’s essay.
forums.catholic-questions.org/showthread.php?t=484930
Regarding the essay, I have to say it is perhaps the most horrifyingly unhelpful thing I’ve ever read on the subject.
I’m sure the author means well, but his words could be extremely dangerous for those of us who are inclined to unscrupulosity, which is probably the majority of Catholics. All that is needed to commit a mortal sin is that the sin be bad enough, that we know it is wrong, and that we decide to do it anyway. While the language of “FULL 100 percent” this and that may be verbally correct, it gives entirely the wrong impression to people with normal or lax consciences, an impression that a mortal sin is very difficult to commit and that one can get away with sin by just not thinking too hard about it. The idea that masturbation while drowsy or simply while morally lazy is “at most a venial sin” is particularly dangerous for anyone struggling to overcome this sin. Such a person is clearly aware of the gravely immoral nature of the act, so any decision to commit it (whether or not the act is completed, and regardless of the strength of the temptation) would constitute a mortal sin.
The author does not even explain the case of foreplay prudently, as he does not make clear that the act must be a part of a normal, natural sexual act which is completed in the normal, natural way (and not subsequently continued in an unnatural way).
Also the focus on guilt and shame is misguided. Guilt and shame are neutral things. They can be bad if they are excessive or misplaced, but they can be good and natural if they are a humble and accurate appreciation our own moral faults. That’s why we have the capacity for those feelings in the first place. Our direct focus should not be to relieve a person of guilt and shame so they can be happier, but to encourage them to repent of the sins of which they are rightly ashamed so they can be holier, and ultimately happier.