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2.) Are there vocations available to lay persons and if so how can one obtain information?
Vocations fall into two realms, celibate and married. Those called to celibacy can live that out in the ordained priesthood, as consecrated religious in communities with vows of various levels, or as unmarried lay persons, all of these in service to the Church.
The married vocation is the ordinary vocation for lay persons to build up the Church.
If you mean careers, the administration of churches, dioceses, schools, colleges, hospitals, social service agencies and other institutions under Catholic auspices require the same service and support as other organizations, financial, legal, administrative, education, training, medical, scientific, etc. and if you follow any such path you can seek employment with any church affiliation, as an alternative to business or government employment.
If you mean lay apostolates, yes, you may serve in any area under the Church umbrella as a volunteer, or start your own under proper guidance and leadership. You would begin in your own diocese by contacting the office in charge of the area of interest: office of catechetics or Catholic schools, Catholic charities etc.
for vocations info check out
www.religiouslife.com you will find links to religious orders that support lay affiliates such as third orders or oblates. also search this forum for third orders, oblates etc. as this question has been answered here many times.