When does infallibility apply?

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I’m not disagreeing with you, but I see a problem with this idea.

How is your average guy in the pew supposed to know which Church doctrines he may freely refuse to accept and that’s OK?

So he can say it’s OK to use birth control if he doesn’t think Humanae Vitae is infallible? He can just reject that teaching?

You see my problem…
In this life, we do not have absolute certainty. We might even misunderstand a doctrine that all Catholics agree is infallible. So certitude that a doctrine is infallible does not solve the problem that we are fallen sinners, who lack the Beatific Vision of God. The faithful must pray, and continually seek a better understanding, and follow their well-informed consciences.

HV teaching against contraception is infallible under the ordinary and universal Magisterium (LG 25), in my opinion. Even if it were non-infallible, the faithful are obliged to assent.

non-infallible teachings cannot be rejected freely; they have a limited possibility of error, and so faithful dissent from such teachings is also limited. See this document of the US Bishops, n. 49 ff.
 
Hi,

I’ve read that the Holy Father is infallible when he speak ex cathedra. I keep being told from my parish that he’s only done that twice.

I’ve also read that the Church’s teachings on faith and morals are infallible. Could someone clarify? Most of the Church’s teachings on faith and morals, from what I understand, have not been spoken by the Holy Father ex cathedra.
That’s correct, most of the infallible teaching is from the “ordinary magisterium” of The Church. The pope has only made a very few unique ex-cathedra declarations, that were not already part of Church Teaching.
 
You’re saying that Catechumins are usually taught a list of infallible doctrines? I’d like to see that list. Especially seeing as how it has been discussed here many times with the overwhelming consensus that such a list is impossible to create.
I never mentioned a list in my response.
But since you bring it up, I could respond this way

(all Emphasis mine)

DE FIDE
A term meaning “of Faith,” used to identify those doctrines of the Church which are infallibly true. Their infallible certitude derives ultimately from divine revelation, but proximately from the fact that they have either been solemnly defined by the Church’s magisterium or have been taught by her ordinary universal teaching authority as binding on the consciences of all the faithful.

therefore,

one only has to look up the (De Fide, i.e. dogmatic beliefs), that the Catholic Church teaches.

As you already know, there are FAR more dogmatic beliefs than the Marian dogmas, and the Trinitarian dogma.
D:
Yeeeaaaaahhhhhh, well I asked for a statement from the Magesterium and you gave me Jimmy Akin. Don’t get me wrong - Jimmy’s a great guy, very smart, and I have nothing but respect for him, but he’s not the Magesterium. He presents the idea that, if a pope uses the word “define” that’s some sort of code word for “hey, this is infallible.” He does not cite a source for that. That’s a pretty HUGE idea to not cite a source in Church teaching. And it’s something that has surely escaped the notice of the VAST majority of the world’s Catholics.
He most certainly DID give references…

Here by the language used
example (emphasis mine)
“by the authority of our Lord Jesus Christ, of the holy Apostles Peter and Paul, and our own,…we declare and define that Bl. Teresa Benedicta of the Cross, Edith Stein, is a saint and we enrol her among the saints, decreeing that she is to be venerated in the whole Church as one of the saints. In the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit”

and

here (source) see Session 4 : 18 July 1870—First Dogmatic Constitution on the Church of Christ [ch 4 vs 9]

Where the document says

“we teach and define as a divinely revealed dogma that when the Roman Pontiff speaks EX CATHEDRA, that is, when, in the exercise of his office as shepherd and teacher of all Christians, in virtue of his supreme apostolic authority, he defines a doctrine concerning faith or morals to be held by the whole Church, he possesses, by the divine assistance promised to him in blessed Peter, that infallibility which the divine Redeemer willed his Church to enjoy in defining doctrine concerning faith or morals. Therefore, such definitions of the Roman Pontiff are of themselves, and not by the consent of the Church, irreformable”.

That shows the definition & language used, in defining infallibility, and what makes something irreformable i.e. infallible.
D:
It may well be the case that every time the Pope intends to teach infallibly he uses the word “define.” But that doesn’t necessarily mean that every time he uses the word “define” that he intends to teach infallibly. I’d like to know more about this “trigger” that Akin describes (from a Magesterial source).
He gave the Vat I document that specifically defines the teaching and the language. (source).
D:
At any rate, you did not provide what I asked for. I asked for a teaching of the Catholic Church, not of a (very well respected) Catholic layperson.
The answer was given, you just missed it in your reading of the link.
 
HV teaching against contraception is infallible under the ordinary and universal Magisterium (LG 25), in my opinion.
Well, that’s your opinion. I happen to agree, so it is OUR opinion.
Even if it were non-infallible, the faithful are obliged to assent.
That’s what I’ve been saying all along.
 
The errors about infallibility continue to be spewed out, and steve b, as well as Ron Conte, have been faithful in explaining the reality.

The dogma of papal infallibility in teaching doctrine was defined at Vatican I and approved by the Pope. Infallible definitions may thus be made by a Pope as in the dogma of The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and doctrine is taught infallibly as explained below.

So infallibility may be exercised by a pope alone, by an Ecumenical Council approved by a pope, and in an encyclical or Apostolic Letter.

Any doctrine or dogma is intrinsically to be held (assented to) by the whole Church, and there is no licence to dissent.

The three levels of teaching are:
1) Dogma – infallible (Canon #750.1)
to be believed with the assent of divine and Catholic faith.
2) Doctrine – infallible (Canon #750.2) requires the assent of ecclesial faith, to be “firmly embraced and held”.
3) Doctrine – non-definitive (non-infallible) and requires intellectual assent (“loyal submission of the will and intellect”, Vatican II, *Lumen Gentium 25), not an assent of faith. [See the Explanatory Note on ATF by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith]
ewtn.com/library/CURIA/CDFADTU.HTM

Answer by David Gregson of EWTN on Nov-22-2002:
“You are correct in stating that the Pope exercises his charism of infallibility not only in dogmatic definitions issued, ex cathedra, as divinely revealed (of which there have been only two), but also in doctrines definitively proposed by him, also ex cathedra, which would include canonizations (that they are in fact Saints, enjoying the Beatific Vision in heaven), **moral teachings **(such as contained in Humanae vitae), and other doctrines he has taught as necessarily connected with truths divinely revealed, such as that priestly ordination is reserved to men. Further details on levels of certainty with which the teachings of the Magisterium (either the Pope alone, or in company with his Bishops) may be found in Summary of Categories of Belief.”
 
It is important to distinguish between the two types of assent:
  1. theological assent to infallible teachings
  2. religious assent to non-infallible teachings
Licit theological dissent from particular non-infallible teachings is possible without sin.
“There exist in the Church a lawful freedom of inquiry and of thought and also general norms of licit dissent.”
priestsforlife.org/magisterium/bishops/68-11-15humanlifeinourdaynccb.htm

Some persons incorrectly narrow papal infallibility to only two cases (Assumption, Immaculate Conception). Other persons extend papal infallibility to too many cases. Vatican I infallibly taught the criteria which a papal teaching must meet to be infallible. We cannot propose a looser or stricter standard.

Conciliar infallibility and the ordinary and universal Magisterium are distinct from Papal infallibility. These are the three ways in which the Magisterium teaches infallibility.
 
Ron Conte #26
Licit theological dissent from particular non-infallible teachings is possible without sin.
St John Paul II had to reaffirm that there has never been, and is no, “licit dissent” at his meeting with US Bishops at Our Lady Queen of Angels Minor Seminary, Los Angeles, Sept 16, 1987, before *Donum Veritatis *(CDF) in 1990. “It is sometimes claimed that dissent from the Magisterium is totally compatible with being a ‘good Catholic’ and poses no obstacle to the reception of the sacraments. This is a grave error that challenges the teaching office of the bishops of the United States and elsewhere.”

Donum Veritatis, Instruction on the Ecclesial Vocation of the Theologian, CDF 1990, completely rules out all dissent:
#36. “The freedom of the act of faith cannot justify a right to dissent.”

For theologians #37 has this caution:
“Moreover, the theologian who is not disposed to think with the Church (sentire cum Ecclesia) contradicts the commitment he freely and knowingly accepted to teach in the name of the Church.”

#38: “The right conscience of the Catholic theologian presumes not only faith in the Word of God whose riches he must explore, but also love for the Church from whom he receives his mission, and respect for her divinely assisted Magisterium. Setting up a supreme Magisterium of conscience in opposition to the Magisterium of the Church means adopting a principle of free examination incompatible with the economy of Revelation and its transmission in the Church and thus also with a correct understanding of theology and the role of the theologian. The propositions of faith are not the product of mere individual research and free criticism of the Word of God but constitute an ecclesial heritage. If there occur a separation from the Bishops who watch over and keep the apostolic tradition alive, it is the bond with Christ which is irreparably compromised(38).
(38) Cf. Bl Paul VI, Apost. Exhort. Paterna cum benevolentia, n. 4: AAS 67 (1975)15.
 
Where the document says

we teach and define as a divinely revealed dogma that when the Roman Pontiff speaks EX CATHEDRA, that is, when, in the exercise of his office as shepherd and teacher of all Christians, in virtue of his supreme apostolic authority, he defines a doctrine concerning faith or morals to be held by the whole Church, he possesses, by the divine assistance promised to him in blessed Peter, that infallibility which the divine Redeemer willed his Church to enjoy in defining doctrine concerning faith or morals. Therefore, such definitions of the Roman Pontiff are of themselves, and not by the consent of the Church, irreformable

That shows ]the definition & language used, in defining infallibility, and what makes something irreformable i.e. infallible.
Agreed. You have proven your point, and I concede. Although your frequent use of color and font tags made it hard to cite you in my agreement. I almost gave up. I had to open your reply in my Komodo programmer’s editor to find an unmatched square-bracket that was messing up the quote.

You are correct, and I was wrong.
 
St John Paul II had to reaffirm that there has never been, and is no, “licit dissent” at his meeting with US Bishops at Our Lady Queen of Angels Minor Seminary, Los Angeles, Sept 16, 1987, before *Donum Veritatis *(CDF) in 1990. “It is sometimes claimed that dissent from the Magisterium is totally compatible with being a ‘good Catholic’ and poses no obstacle to the reception of the sacraments. This is a grave error that challenges the teaching office of the bishops of the United States and elsewhere.”

Donum Veritatis, Instruction on the Ecclesial Vocation of the Theologian, CDF 1990, completely rules out all dissent:
#36. “The freedom of the act of faith cannot justify a right to dissent.”

For theologians #37 has this caution:
“Moreover, the theologian who is not disposed to think with the Church (sentire cum Ecclesia) contradicts the commitment he freely and knowingly accepted to teach in the name of the Church.”
I agree with the teachings that you cite. I disagree with your exaggerated interpretation of them. Also, you present your simplistic interpretation as if it were not an interpretation at all.

You are in fact dissenting from the magisterial teaching of the U.S. Bishops in “Human Life in Our Day”, which clearly allows for “licit theological dissent”. You are also ignoring passages from Donum Veritatis which contradict your interpretation of Church teaching on dissent: n. 30-31.

Infallible teachings require the full assent of faith. Non-infallible teachings do not require the full assent of faith, but only religious assent. You are treating the two as if they were the same.

The teachings of the Catholic Faith are complex and subtle; over-simplification can lead to substantial error. Infallible teachings cannot err, but they can be misinterpreted or misapplied. Non-infallible teachings can err to a limited extent. God who is truth never requires anyone to adhere to a falsehood or an error, therefore, the faithful can licitly dissent from some points within the body of non-infallible teachings, to a limited extent.

The Popes and the Bishops have never taken such a harsh simplistic view of dissent when the dispute involved only a few points of non-infallible teaching. For example, Avery Dulles disagreed with Pope John Paul II in his list of intrinsically evil acts (Development or Reversal? First Things, Oct 2005).
 
The Popes and the Bishops have never taken such a harsh simplistic view of dissent when the dispute involved only a few points of non-infallible teaching. For example, Avery Dulles disagreed with Pope John Paul II in his list of intrinsically evil acts (Development or Reversal? First Things, Oct 2005).
That got my interest. So I looked it up.

here’s the article
firstthings.com/article/2005/10/development-or-reversal

Veritatis Splendor was referenced as the source for the disagreement
vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_06081993_veritatis-splendor_en.html

in Context of that encyclical, JPII wrote Re: “intrinsic evil”

***“Intrinsic evil”: it is not licit to do evil that good may come of it *(cf. Rom 3:8) **

I didn’t see a list,

But I would just suggest, THAT quote from St Paul, is apparently the lense and context, JPII is using to define “intrinsic evil” from in the encyclical.

Just thinking outloud
 
Ron Conte #29
You are in fact dissenting from the magisterial teaching of the U.S. Bishops in “Human Life in Our Day”, which clearly allows for “licit theological dissent”.
On 1/5/11 in post #1 of *There is no “licit dissent” from the Magisterium *(Moral Theology) in these Forums, I refuted just such an assertion which you made supporting the “licit dissent” of the U.S. Bishops.

catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?recnum=1209
How Dissent Became Institutionalized in the Church in America
by Kenneth D. Whitehead

In the minds of the bishops in 1968, these *Norms of Licit Dissent *were perhaps drawn up and included in their Pastoral Letter in order to try to re-impose some measure of episcopal control and oversight over a situation of dissent that had literally already gotten out of hand. Whatever the original intention, however, the Norms only made a bad situation worse. It was simply unreal to speak about dissent that did not “question or impugn the teaching of the Church” when it was the object of the dissent from *Humanae Vitae *to question and impugn the authority of the Church. Similarly, it was idle to attempt to require that dissent could only be expressed “with propriety,” when the favored method of the dissenters was precisely to challenge the pope’s teaching with maximum publicity, hopefully in or through the mass media.

In short, the Norms were fundamentally misconceived and incoherent; and even if it could be shown that they were in any sense valid, they certainly did not apply to the kind of dissent the Church was facing. Virtually none of the dissent of 1968 and after was carried out in accordance with these Norms or with anything resembling them.

**Yet the fact that such Norms could be found in an official bishops’ document served to create the illusion and the justification that, yes, dissent from Church teaching could somehow be “licit.” **By admitting that dissent could ever be licit, the bishops simply invited dissenters in all cases to assert that their particular dissent was licit. Any bishop even contemplating disciplining or removing a dissenter henceforth had to admit the plea that the dissent of the latter was, after all, at least arguably licit, according to the bishops’ own criteria. In practice, virtually all dissent was thereby enabled to be considered licit.

Tolerated dissent thus fostered widespread disloyalty to the Church. It fostered dishonesty too, since the pretence had to be maintained that those who were disloyal were not to be judged disloyal under the regime of the Norms.

It was in this fashion, then, that theological dissent from magisterial teaching became virtually “institutionalized” in the Church in the United States. That this was hardly the intention of the bishops does not alter the fact that it was the almost inevitable result of their unwise attempt to lay out official “Norms” for what amounted to simple rejection of the Church’s teaching.

[Kenneth D. Whitehead is a former U.S. Assistant Secretary of Education. He has authored or coauthored nine books, as well as many articles, and is the translator of some twenty published books. (Ignatius Press - *The Homiletic & Pastoral Review )]

No wonder that Pope John Paul II had to reaffirm that there has never been, and is no, “licit dissent” at his meeting with US Bishops at Our Lady Queen of Angels Minor Seminary, Los Angeles, Sept 16, 1987, before *Donum Veritatis *(CDF) in 1990.
You are also ignoring passages from Donum Veritatis which contradict your interpretation of Church teaching on dissent: n. 30-31.
All talk of “licit dissent” is wrong as the Pope and the CDF have made very clear. No “reason” suffices.

Sections 25-31 covers “not irreformable” teaching even for theologians in the Instruction On The Ecclesial Vocation Of The Theologian, (Donum Veritatis) [DV] 1990, for those who “feel” that they cannot give “intellectual assent,” they have “the duty to remain open to a deeper examination of the question.” (31).

There is no right to dissent, and in fact, this is because the teaching of Vatican II in the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, 25, is clear as to even non-infallible doctrine on faith or morals:
“This religious submission of mind and will must be shown in a special way to the authentic Magisterium of the Roman Pontiff, even when he is not speaking ex cathedra; that is, it must be shown in such a way that his supreme Magisterium is acknowledged with reverence, the judgments made by him are sincerely adhered to, according to his manifest mind and will.”

For the non-infallible doctrines the Instruction on the Ecclesial Vocation of the Theologian, 23, affirms: “This kind of response cannot be simply exterior or disciplinary but must be understood within the logic of faith and under the impulse of obedience to the faith.” And #36: “The freedom of the act of faith cannot justify a right to dissent.”
 
Agreed. You have proven your point, and I concede. Although your frequent use of color and font tags made it hard to cite you in my agreement. I almost gave up. I had to open your reply in my Komodo programmer’s editor to find an unmatched square-bracket that was messing up the quote.

You are correct, and I was wrong.
No problem borther :cool:
 
Ron Conte #29
Infallible teachings require the full assent of faith. Non-infallible teachings do not require the full assent of faith, but only religious assent. You are treating the two as if they were the same.
No. But in fact doctrine – non-definitive (non-infallible) – requires intellectual assent (“loyal submission of the will and intellect”, Vatican II, Lumen Gentium 25). That rules out dissent.

As already quoted, the requirement for non-infallible teaching is in the Instruction on the Ecclesial Vocation of the Theologian, 23, which affirms: “This kind of response cannot be simply exterior or disciplinary but must be understood within the logic of faith and under the impulse of obedience to the faith.” And #36: “The freedom of the act of faith cannot justify a right to dissent.”
The Popes and the Bishops have never taken such a harsh simplistic view of dissent when the dispute involved only a few points of non-infallible teaching. For example, Avery Dulles disagreed with Pope John Paul II in his list of intrinsically evil acts (Development or Reversal? First Things, Oct 2005).
There is no “harsh simplistic view of dissent” by the Magisterium. The Magisterium is realistic, factual and condemns dissent.

And Dulles sums up Noonan’s whole case in the work he reviewed: “The reader should be warned, however, that Noonan manipulates the evidence to make it seem to favor his own preconceived conclusions. For some reason, he is intent on finding discontinuity”but he fails to establish that the Church has reversed her teaching in any of the four areas he examines.”

This is how Avery Cardinal Dulles summed up on slavery:
“So far as I am aware, he never repeated his assertion that slavery is intrinsically evil. Neither the Catechism of the Catholic Church nor the recent Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church, in their discussions of slavery, speaks so absolutely.”
firstthings.com/article/2005/10/development-or-reversal
 
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