newby:
Luke says they were shown in glory, which I understand means a glorified body which would mean heaven. However Heaven was not opened until after Jesus’ death.
Here’s my :twocents: …
I am pretty sure that the Church teaches that the souls of those who died in God’s friendship before Jesus’ death were in a state of happiness called Paradise, Abraham’s bosom, or Limbo of the Fathers. (see Luke 23:42, 16:19-31)
Of course, Elijah never died but was taken up to heaven in a fiery chariot and is probably still in his natural body, as he is commonly thought to be one of the two witnesses near the end of the world who will be put to death, resurrected, and assumed bodily into heaven. (Revelation 11:3-12) (The other witness is commonly thought to be Enoch, whom God took in Genesis 5:24.) So, if Elijah appeared at the Transfiguration, it would probably been in his natural body. But natural bodies can radiate with heavenly splendor or glory, as did the face of Moses for a time after he received the ten commandments. (Exodus 34:29; 2 Corinthians 3:7, 13)
Moses died and was buried. I don’t think the Church has ever taught Moses was later resurrected after his death and assumed bodily into heaven (or rather Abraham’s bosom), though there is an obscure reference to the body of Moses in Jude 1:9… So, if Moses appeared at the Transfiguration it was probably not in his true natural body which as far as we know is still buried somewhere nor in that same natural body, resurrected and glorified which he will have at the end of the world but probably a temporary body similar to those taken by angels when they appear in human form, which sometimes appear with heavenly splendor. (Luke 2:9)
In Bishop Frederick Justus Knecht’s* A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture*, 2003 TAN Books reprint of the 1923 edition, p. 542, footnote 4, on Moses and Elias, it says in part: Elias [Elijah], who had been translated from this world without tasting of death, … appeared in his own body, while the soul of Moses assumed a body, such as the angels assume when they appear visibly.
In the same work, p. 278, footnote 8, it says:
To heaven. Or rather heavenwards. He [Elijah] could not be taken
into heaven. Like Henoch [Enoch], he was translated without tasting death, and was taken to a mysterious abode of peace and consolation. Before our Lord’s second coming to judge the world, Elias [Elijah] will come again to this earth to preach penance (Mark 17:11).