You’re packing a lot into your post. A seminarian can certainly present his questions and concerns. The seminary is not a fascist social system. However, the seminarian must also be wise enough to understand that many seminary courses, lectures and professors are there not just to teach you catechism, but also to challenge your mind with dissenting views and have you think through them and find the right conclusions on your own. I know, because I went through seven years of theology. We had a lot thrown at us. Some was directly from the teachings of the Church and other things were from speculative theology. There is a reason that it is called speculative theology. One of the most prolific writers in speculative theology in my era was Joseph Ratazinger. He still dabbles in it. Read his book on Jesus of Nazareth. It’s purpose is not to teach dogma, but to open the mind and trigger discussion that lead to a better understanding of dogma.
I remember a piece that Ratzinger and Kung wrote on conscience. It really boggled our minds. When you read it carefully, it was a writing for seminary scholars designed to trigger you. Eventually you ended up in a dead end. You had no other choice but to admit the teaching of the Church as the proper formator of conscience.
Seminarians have to be careful. I don’t know the policies in secular seminaries, but in religious orders, if you begin to question the teachings of the founders and the practices of the congregation, you can find yourself dismissed. One of the signs of a vocation is your ability to think through situations rather than react to them.
As to the SSPX priests, my concern with them is that the movement is inconsistent with tradition. Traditionally, the most effective reforms in the Church have been led by men and women who have been the most obedient to the Church and who remained in the Church. St. Romould reformed the Benedictine Order. St. Francis of Assisi reformed the Church of the Middle Ages. St. Catherine of Sienna and Teresa of Avila reformed the Church of the Renaissance. St. Athanasius reformed the early Church. Like these there have been many other reformers. The point is that no single reformer can repair every problem. The wisdom of these reformers was that they identified one issue that they could change or that they felt Christ called them to change, not the entire Church. The SSPX reform seems to take on the entire post Vatican II Church. That is inconsistent with the reforms of old. The reforms of old were very specific. This is what guaranteed their success. And in doing so, they did not leave casualties. The SSPX reform is leaving casualties, such as young men being ordained with no diocese to take them and no faculties to exercise their ministry. Maybe this was the sign of the Holy Spirit’s presence in these reform movements: obedience, charity, change from within, no unnecessary casualties.
Fraternally,
Br JR, OSF