It’s really one of those carryovers from the old Roman Lectionary.
1st Sunday of Lent: Temptation (Matthew 4:1-12)
2nd Sunday of Lent: Transfiguration (Matthew 17:1-9)
3rd Sunday of Lent: Jesus and Beelzebul (Luke 11:14-28)
4th Sunday of Lent: Feeding of the five thousand (John 6:1-15)
Passion Sunday: “Before Abraham was born, I am” (John 8:46-59)
The modern three-cycle Lectionary continues using the temptation and transfiguration pericopes for the first two Sundays, but completely changes the readings for the remaining three Sundays.
I think the readings for Cycle A were lifted from the medieval Mozarabic Rite lectionary (the Liber Comicus).
De Carnes Tollendas (1st Sunday of Lent): Temptation (Matthew 4:1-11)
’First’ (2nd) Sunday of Lent: Woman at the well (John 4:5-42)
’Second’ (3rd) Sunday of Lent: The man born blind (John 9:1-38)
Mediante Die Festo (4th Sunday of Lent): “About the middle of the feast Jesus went up into the temple…” (John 7:14-30)
Lazarus Sunday: Raising of Lazarus (John 11:1-52)
Cycle A adopts three readings (for the 2nd, 3rd, and 5th Sundays of Mozarabic Lent) and applies them to the 3rd, 4th and 5th Sundays. (In the old Roman lectionary, the gospel about the raising of Lazarus was originally read on the Saturday before Palm Sunday.)
(Trivia: There was originally no Ash Wednesday in the Mozarabic Rite; Lent began on the Monday after the 1st Sunday of Lent. However, by the late Middle Ages, the rite became heavily Romanized and an Ash Wednesday was inserted into the calendar. This resulted in the lectionary being disturbed; the readings for the five Sundays of Lent were moved up - with the gospel for the 1st Sunday being given to Ash Wednesday - and a totally new gospel reading was given to the 5th Sunday. The post-VII revision of the Mozarabic rite restored the original order.)