A very strange universe

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Alberti_Devoveo said:
For sure, some of them have been absorbed by the eyes of humans and animals throughout the ages. Others are probably still traveling off towards the ISM.

Why do you ask?
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And many have been absorbed by non-seeing matter, and retransmitted at lower frequency, until finally going into the thermal background.
 
How much dust is on the moons surface?

107500 tons per year space dust enters earths atmosphere each year.

= 503,700,000,000,000 tons in 4.6 billion years.

ratio earth surface to moon surface 13.4

37,589,552,000,000 tons of space dust fell on the moons surface in 4.6 billion years

=994432.59 tons of dust per km square

.99443 tons of dust per square meter

= 25 feet deep dust layer on moon

but, they found that the dust layer was only a few inches deep when they landed on the moon?
 
pig said:
How much dust is on the moons surface?

107500 tons per year space dust enters earths atmosphere each year.

= 503,700,000,000,000 tons in 4.6 billion years.

ratio earth surface to moon surface 13.4

37,589,552,000,000 tons of space dust fell on the moons surface in 4.6 billion years

=994432.59 tons of dust per km square

.99443 tons of dust per square meter
= 25 feet deep dust layer on moon

but, they found that the dust layer was only a few inches deep when they landed on the moon?
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:hmmm:
 
pig said:
How much dust is on the moons surface?

107500 tons per year space dust enters earths atmosphere each year.

= 503,700,000,000,000 tons in 4.6 billion years.

ratio earth surface to moon surface 13.4

37,589,552,000,000 tons of space dust fell on the moons surface in 4.6 billion years

=994432.59 tons of dust per km square

.99443 tons of dust per square meter

= 25 feet deep dust layer on moon

but, they found that the dust layer was only a few inches deep when they landed on the moon?
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Dust doesn’t remain dust. In the absence of wind to stir it up, over time, it will compact into “soil” and then stone.
 
GEddie said:
Dust doesn’t remain dust. In the absence of wind to stir it up, over time, it will compact into “soil” and then stone.
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Jurassic sediment containing dinosaur skeleton fossils :shrug:is still dust in some parts of the US, because it has been dry more or less since then. Thats 150 million years ago.

The moon is dry, maybe always was.
 
pig said:
How much dust is on the moons surface?

107500 tons per year space dust enters earths atmosphere each year.
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Your figures are wrong. And I didn’t have far to go to find that out. You’ve linked to a web page that gives figures of anything between 5 to 300 tonnes per year:

Estimates vary of how much cosmic dust and meteorites enter Earth’s atmosphere each day, but range anywhere from 5 to 300 metric tons, with estimates made from satellite data and extrapolations of meteorite falls.
Read more: universetoday.com/94392/getting-a-handle-on-how-much-cosmic-dust-hits-earth/#ixzz2DYItbEkS

And further to that:

In contrast with the uncertainties associated with earth-based methods of estimating cosmic dust concentration, satellites in space can measure it directly. Using data from dust penetration of satellites, Dohnanyi gave the following direct measurements of cosmic dust influx rates: To the earth 4 x 10-9 grams/per square centimeter (22.6 thousand tons) per year, and to the moon 2 x 10-9 grams per square centimeter (11.3 thousand tons) per year. Assuming a constant influx rate (even though it certainly wasn’t) the earth would collect a layer of dust only 60 millimeters (2.4 inches) thick in 4.5 billion years and the moon half that. ncse.com/cej/4/3/space-dust-moons-surface-age-cosmos

Maybe you should actually read what you post rather than cutting and pasting it.
 
Bradski said:
Your figures are wrong. And I didn’t have far to go to find that out. You’ve linked to a web page that gives figures of anything between 5 to 300 tonnes per year:

Estimates vary of how much cosmic dust and meteorites enter Earth’s atmosphere each day, but range anywhere from 5 to 300 metric tons, with estimates made from satellite data and extrapolations of meteorite falls.
Read more: universetoday.com/94392/getting-a-handle-on-how-much-cosmic-dust-hits-earth/#ixzz2DYItbEkS
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365.25 days/year * 5 tons/day = 1826.25 tons/year
365.25 days/year * 300 tons/day = 109575 tons/year

His numbers appear accurate (though, admittedly, on the high end).
Bradski said:
And further to that:

In contrast with the uncertainties associated with earth-based methods of estimating cosmic dust concentration, satellites in space can measure it directly. Using data from dust penetration of satellites, Dohnanyi gave the following direct measurements of cosmic dust influx rates: To the earth 4 x 10-9 grams/per square centimeter (22.6 thousand tons) per year, and to the moon 2 x 10-9 grams per square centimeter (11.3 thousand tons) per year. Assuming a constant influx rate (even though it certainly wasn’t) the earth would collect a layer of dust only 60 millimeters (2.4 inches) thick in 4.5 billion years and the moon half that. ncse.com/cej/4/3/space-dust-moons-surface-age-cosmos

Maybe you should actually read what you post rather than cutting and pasting it.
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The number cited here, 11.3 thousand tons is a little higher than the previously mentioned upper limit. I also do not know what pig had used to convert from tons to feet, but 30 mm seems awfully small to me, but I will trust the math of the above link.
 
Bradski said:
Your figures are wrong. And I didn’t have far to go to find that out. You’ve linked to a web page that gives figures of anything between 5 to 300 tonnes per year:

Estimates vary of how much cosmic dust and meteorites enter Earth’s atmosphere each day, but range anywhere from 5 to 300 metric tons, with estimates made from satellite data and extrapolations of meteorite falls.
Read more: universetoday.com/94392/getting-a-handle-on-how-much-cosmic-dust-hits-earth/#ixzz2DYItbEkS

And further to that:

In contrast with the uncertainties associated with earth-based methods of estimating cosmic dust concentration, satellites in space can measure it directly. Using data from dust penetration of satellites, Dohnanyi gave the following direct measurements of cosmic dust influx rates: To the earth 4 x 10-9 grams/per square centimeter (22.6 thousand tons) per year, and to the moon 2 x 10-9 grams per square centimeter (11.3 thousand tons) per year. Assuming a constant influx rate (even though it certainly wasn’t) the earth would collect a layer of dust only 60 millimeters (2.4 inches) thick in 4.5 billion years and the moon half that. ncse.com/cej/4/3/space-dust-moons-surface-age-cosmos

Maybe you should actually read what you post rather than cutting and pasting it.
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I used the figures quoted. The earth is different to the moon as it has atmosphere and as such friction can burn dust entering earths atmosphere. But the figures given were for estimated dust entering, not dust landing on earths surface.
The equivalent amount , based on the ratio of earths surface area compared to the moons surface area gives a depth of 25 feet of dust on the moon.
You choose to use the lower estimate given, I choose to use the higher estimate given, I have not misquoted the web reference.
Thank you
 
Alberti_Devoveo said:
… I also do not know what pig had used to convert from tons to feet, but 30 mm seems awfully small to me, but I will trust the math of the above link.
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I used a reference site which gives the weight of different materials. I chose ‘stone dust’ per square meter and the calculator gave the figure of 25 feet of stone dust to give one ton approx of weight per square meter.
 
pig said:
How much dust is on the moons surface?

107500 tons per year space dust enters earths atmosphere each year.

= 503,700,000,000,000 tons in 4.6 billion years.

ratio earth surface to moon surface 13.4

37,589,552,000,000 tons of space dust fell on the moons surface in 4.6 billion years

=994432.59 tons of dust per km square

.99443 tons of dust per square meter

= 25 feet deep dust layer on moon

but, they found that the dust layer was only a few inches deep when they landed on the moon?
Click to expand...
I watched the moon landing as it happened. You’ll have to read up on that. The dust was not just a few inches deep. In fact, a primary concern was the lander sinking into the dust. It does appear that the dust was compacted enough for a man to walk on it.

Peace,
Ed
 
pig said:
Jurassic sediment containing dinosaur skeleton fossils :shrug:is still dust in some parts of the US, because it has been dry more or less since then. Thats 150 million years ago.

The moon is dry, maybe always was.
Click to expand...
:hmmm:
 
pig said:
I used a reference site which gives the weight of different materials. I chose ‘stone dust’ per square meter and the calculator gave the figure of 25 feet of stone dust to give one ton approx of weight per square meter.
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I see. Why would you think that dust from outer space is the same thing as ‘stone dust?’
 
In my humble opinion, we exist in the body of God… and yes He is that vast and wonderful…and yes, mysterious.
 
pig said:
I used the figures quoted. The earth is different to the moon as it has atmosphere and as such friction can burn dust entering earths atmosphere. But the figures given were for estimated dust entering, not dust landing on earths surface.
The equivalent amount , based on the ratio of earths surface area compared to the moons surface area gives a depth of 25 feet of dust on the moon.
You choose to use the lower estimate given, I choose to use the higher estimate given, I have not misquoted the web reference.
Thank you
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Wouldn’t the relative differences in the pull of gravity on earth compared to the moon (83.3% less) account for some (perhaps much) of the difference?
 
edwest2 said:
I watched the moon landing as it happened. You’ll have to read up on that. The dust was not just a few inches deep. In fact, a primary concern was the lander sinking into the dust. It does appear that the dust was compacted enough for a man to walk on it.

Peace,
Ed
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The reports suggest there is a few inches of surface dust covering broken rock and rock debris mixed with dust. The rocky debris is a few meters thick and it covers bedrock.
 
Forgive me if this has been mentioned, but several of you have mentioned that after the Ressurection our spiritualized bodies will be perfect for exploring the universe, but isnt the whole universe to be “melted by fire” at Jesus’ return? I know we will have a New Earth, but does that necessitate a new universe to explore? Forgive me for being a negative nancy.
 
Layp3rs0n said:
Forgive me if this has been mentioned, but several of you have mentioned that after the Ressurection our spiritualized bodies will be perfect for exploring the universe, but isnt the whole universe to be “melted by fire” at Jesus’ return? I know we will have a New Earth, but does that necessitate a new universe to explore? Forgive me for being a negative nancy.
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True, 2 Peter does say that, but I wonder if that denotes final destruction, or a transformation? If things have righted themselves on earth with humanity, and the redeemed portion of humanity is about to begin using the rest of Creation, perhaps the rest of the universe would be scoured clean (for lack of a better metaphor) in preparation to receive its new rulers.

The imagery of “melting” suggests a process analogous to what is done to gold to purify it and make it malleable before transforming it into a new shape, for a new use.

Just some thoughts…
 
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