It is a common misconception that Catholic believe we are saved by our works. We are saved by grace. Grace is the supernatural life of God that he infuses into our soul, which causes us to be “born again”. When a person possesses “grace” they become a “partaker of the Divine Nature”, “temple of the Holy Ghost who dwells in” them, and a “member of the Body of Christ”, as the Bible teaches.
“One does not possess “Grace” God gives grace to humanity and they either accept it or reject it. Grace is of God and we can’t possess it. It is his disposition towards mankind” Just as the body seperated from the soul is dead, so too the soul seperated from “grace” (the supernatural life of God) is dead. When a person is born again, they receive an infusion of this supernatural life of God within their soul. The one who dies with this “eternal life” (1st John) in their soul will live forever; the one who departs from this life without “grace” in their soul will be eternally seperated from God.
That is how a person is saved. We beleive that a person receives this “grace” when they are baptized - or "born again by water and teh Holy Ghost (Jn 3), as the Bible puts it. That is how a baby, or a mentally retarded person, who has never “believed” can still be saved. Our salvation is by grave, not works.
Baptism is not the same as being born again. Being born again is being born from above and only God can provide this spiritual birth. The condition of being “born again” is dependent upon the individual to accept the grace provided by God.
However, after a person has received the free gift of grace, they must cooperate with God -“only those who do the will of my Father will enter into the Kingdom of heaven”, said Jesus (Mt. 7). This is where the “works” part comes in. It is not so much “works” as it is doing God’s will, which is necessary. Doing the will of God is the “good work” that we must do. If you read James, Chapter 2, starting at around vs. 14, you will see that “faith without works is dead” and will not save a person. You can also read Matthew, chapter 25, starting at around vs. 31, to see that “works” does play a part in salvation.
Again, it is not that we are saved by works, but to be saved, we must cooperate with God by doing His will: thus we must do good works.
The reason most Protestant denominations do not teach this is because Luther, Calvin, and the other “reformers” did not believe in free will. They falsely believed that man did not have the ability to chose, and therefore was not responsible for his actions. Since they believed that man has no control our his actions, they concluded that it would be unjust of God to require anything of him, except for “faith”. Therefore, they taught that we are saved by “Faith Alone” (Sola Fide). But it is important to realize that this teaching is based on the erroneous belief that man does not have free will, which is what the communists teach.
The mere fact that Luther and Calvin reformed was evidence of their ability to think for themselves. What you have said is contrary to history. If any thing the Roman Catholic Church has exhibited periods of not wanting the lay person to be knowledgeable and have a mind of their own. Check out the history of forbidden books by the Catholic Church and you will see that the bible was one of the books the Church did not want the lay person to read. This took place in 1229 during the Council of Toulouse. Talk about not wanting the people to have a mind of their own and free will.
So it is not that the Catholic Church teaches a “works based salvation” as you will sometimes hear, but that the reformers denied that a person must “do the will of God” to be save, which is what Jesus clearly taught in Matthew, chapter 7.
If it is not works based why must you say penance for absolution of sin? Pennance =payment and Jesus paid your debt in full. If there were any amount of works you could do to save yourself, Jesus came in vain. You can’t pay for it with penance it is free, just accept it and be born again.
I hope this helps a little.
God Bless