BibleApologist << As PhilVas mentioned, the Albigenses were targeted (who were “anabaptists”, along with the Donatists, Waldensians, Paulicians, and many others). These groups of “nonCatholics” were around long before any Protestant Reformation, and their theology matched almost identically with the “Baptists” of today. >>
The Albigenses, Donatists, Waldenses, Paulicians were not baptist nor anabaptist. The Waldenses were explicitly Catholic. The Albigenses denied the Incarnation so they were explicitly non-Christian. The Anabaptists were not the first baptists either. Read baptist historian James Edward McGoldrick’s chapter on them in Baptist Successionism: A Crucial Question in Baptist History (The American Theological Library Association and The Scarecrow Press, 1994)
“Although no reputable Church historians have ever affirmed the belief that Baptists can trace their lineage through medieval and ancient sects ultimately to the New Testament, that point of view enjoys a large following nevertheless. It appears that scholars aware of this claim have deemed it unworthy of their attention, which may account for the persistence and popularity of Baptist successionism as a doctrine as well as an interpretation of church history. Aside from occasional articles and booklets that reject this teaching, no one has published a refutation in a systematic, documented format. The present work is an effort to supply this need so that Baptists may have a thorough analysis of successionism, together with a reliable account of their origins as a Protestant religious body.” (McGoldrick, preface page iv)
“It is the purpose of this book to show that, although free church groups in ancient and medieval times sometimes promoted doctrines and practices agreeable to modern Baptists, when judged by standards now acknowledged as baptistic, not one of them merits recognition as a Baptist church. Baptists arose in the seventeenth century in Holland and England. They are Protestants, heirs of the Reformers.” (ibid, page 2)
There are many differences between the 16th century radical anabaptists attacked by Luther and Calvin, and the original baptists of the early 17th century (early 1600s). The latter did not arise from the former, according to McGoldrick.
Note Waldo’s confession of faith in the article below. The confession affirms the Trinity, that Mary is ever-Virgin, that the Church is One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic, and outside that Church there is no salvation, that even sinful priests can rightly administer the sacraments, that alms, sacrifice, and good works can assist those who die, that faith without works is dead, etc. (McGoldrick citing Giorgio Tourn, The Waldensians : The First 800 Years tr. C.P. Merlino, pages 13-14).
Although some of them indeed later joined the Protestant Reformation, McGoldrick concludes: “Neither Waldo nor his early disciples could have subscribed to any historic Baptist confession of faith, and those doctrines that are peculiarly baptistic would have been unacceptable to Waldenses in any period of their history. Although successionists have hailed them as Baptists, medieval Waldenses were quite similar to the Catholic Franciscans, those of the Reformation were akin to Presbyterians, and those of today have become Methodists.”
Who Were the Waldenses?
Phil P