Anglican Orders Valid - Pope Leo made factual Errors

  • Thread starter Thread starter RevDrNorth
  • Start date Start date
Status
Not open for further replies.
I’ll bite
Para 26, referring to the change in the wording, which the Bull assumes was done in recognition of the defect. It was a result of a squabble with the Church of Scotland, and most commentators of all persausions acknowledge this.

GKC
 
If the Anglican Orders which Pope Leo XIII referred to are ever valid, then his Bull was not an infallible pronouncement. But, that aside, if his purpose was simply to make the Anglicans feel aggrieved, why did he take so much trouble to say that he had invoked so much expert assistance in examining the matter? He was trying to console those who had received Anglican Orders, that they had only to reconcile themselves to the Church Doctrine to be in the fold, if such were possible.

The problem for our Anglican friends is the stumbling block of Peter, and the claims which the Catholic Church makes for him of Infallibilty in certain well-defined circumstances/.
In my haste, I forgot to comment on the last para. You are absolutely coorect. And since I consider AC to be a close call, on its merits, I always acknowledge that, for RCs, it is definitive and even if someone were to make a convincing case aginst its logic, for RCs it is* de fide*, and should be affirmed.

Which is fine by me.

GKC
 
A theologian’s opinions are not binding and carry little weight. If the Pope says the orders are invalid they’re invalid. We all know that King Henry VIII made a selfish and conscious decision to break from Rome and create his own route. Because of this, Anglicans cannot have valid orders anymore than Baptists or Pentecostals do. If they are outside the Church, how can they possibly have valid orders?

In Pax Christi
Andrew
You are completely wrong here. The Orthodox and the Old Catholics have unquestionably valid orders from your Church’s point of view, as did the Henrician “Anglican” Church. Schism does not result in invalid orders. The claim on your side is that our orders became invalid under Edward, not under Henry (and then again under Elizabeth because the Elizabethan Church used the Edwardian Ordinal–furthermore, the Marian bishops almost all resigned).

Edwin
 
You are completely wrong here. The Orthodox and the Old Catholics have unquestionably valid orders from your Church’s point of view, as did the Henrician “Anglican” Church. Schism does not result in invalid orders. The claim on your side is that our orders became invalid under Edward, not under Henry (and then again under Elizabeth because the Elizabethan Church used the Edwardian Ordinal–furthermore, the Marian bishops almost all resigned).

Edwin
And the PNCC, too. Though the Utrecht OCs are slipping, due to the female ordination issue.

GKC
 
The issue of Apostolicae Curae is a very complicated one, and the points that Staley made, as well as the rebuttals posted here, have been made in many places by many people. For the best exposition of the RC position (how many time I must have posted this), see (then Jesuit) Fr. Francis Clark’s ANGLICAN ORDERS AND DEFECT OF INTENTION. For the best (and, to my mind, conclusive) rebuttal, see Fr. J. J. Hughes’ ABSOLUTELY NULL AND UTTERLY VOID and STEWARDS OF THE LORD. The latter are heavy on history and the theology of the day, esp. that related to the theory of eucharistic sacrifice.

The theological points are what are most often discussed, but, to my mind, equally crucial are the personalities involved, and the history of the events that occurred between the time that Halifax and Portal met, and the time when *Apostolicae Curae * was issued over Leo XIII’s signature. And the figure of Cardinal Vaughan looms very large in all that, indeed.

Whatever the arguments, it is certainly true that the RCC does not recognise the validity of Anglican orders, generally. And RCs should certainly affirm that. Anglicans have a different view.

And, all that aside, and hearkening back to the title of the thread, there is one factual error in the Bull.

GKC

Anglicanus Catholicus
If I were an Anglican, I would cling to the validity of Anglican Orders for dear life. But, the question was thoroughly examined by the Church. If I were an Anglican and someone cast aspersion on the validty of my Orders, not the liceity, of the rite of Consecration, and that there was a gap of 200-300 for the possibility of any validly consecrated bishop, I’d be beside myself.

Denial is the only route open to me then, other than finding a valid bishop who would re-ordain me, or return to the Catholic Church, for conditional re-ordination.

An occasional schismatic Catholic bishop shows up on the scene, and maybe a retired Eastern Orthodox, who could be convinced to re-ordain me.

Generally, Re-ordination is out of the question, so is my return to the CC. So we see all this denial going on.

Denial, denial, denial.

PS. WHERE IS THE FACTUAL ERROR IN THE BULL???
mgrfin
 
A theologian’s opinions are not binding and carry little weight. If the Pope says the orders are invalid they’re invalid. We all know that King Henry VIII made a selfish and conscious decision to break from Rome and create his own route. Because of this, Anglicans cannot have valid orders anymore than Baptists or Pentecostals do. If they are outside the Church, how can they possibly have valid orders?

In Pax Christi
Andrew
I read to this post and decided i will read no longer… this is plain ignorance of church history and totally in correct. Please for the sake of Christian unity make sure your history is correct before amking blanket statements. I will not dive into why this is incorrect as i do not have time to write the real history of the churhc of england. Elizbeth is the real figure behind the church of england not henry. What henry did many kings and even bishops were doing during mediveal times!
 
If I were an Anglican, I would cling to the validity of Anglican Orders for dear life. But, the question was thoroughly examined by the Church. If I were an Anglican and someone cast aspersion on the validty of my Orders, not the liceity, of the rite of Consecration, and that there was a gap of 200-300 for the possibility of any validly consecrated bishop, I’d be beside myself.

Denial is the only route open to me then, other than finding a valid bishop who would re-ordain me, or return to the Catholic Church, for conditional re-ordination.

An occasional schismatic Catholic bishop shows up on the scene, and maybe a retired Eastern Orthodox, who could be convinced to re-ordain me.

Generally, Re-ordination is out of the question, so is my return to the CC. So we see all this denial going on.

Denial, denial, denial.

PS. WHERE IS THE FACTUAL ERROR IN THE BULL???
mgrfin
Para 26. See above.

In fact, I am not sure whether the issue was correctly resolved by AC or not. But I am of the opinion that the matter was not throughly examined, to reach the conclusion. I base this primarily on the historical accounts in Fr. Hughes ABSOLUTELY NULL AND UTTERLY VOID.

I honestly have little time, in a given on-line session, to make substantial posts any more. But here is a cut and paste from something I did in more leisurely hours.

*The commissioners met first on 24 Mar 1896, for a procedural meeting. There were 10 other working meetings, and a final procedural one, on 7 May. The 10 working sessions lasted approx. 3 hours each, as far as can be shown. Of the 30 or so hours thus spent discussing Anglican orders, 19 had been taken up with historical questions, primarily relating to Cardinal Pole during Mary’s reign. Halfway through the 8th meeting, the subject of the adequacy of the Edwardine Ordinal was taken up. There is no evidence of discussion of intent, from available records and memos (the secret archives of the Vatican, through Leo XIII, including the papers of the Commission, were opened by JP II in 1978). The Commission wound up its work and passed its recommendations to the Cardinals who were to advise Leo.

It is possible to determine, with some confidence, the final positions of the commissioners on the issue. Generally, 4 of the 8 (Duchesne, Gasparri, de Augustinis, Scannell [the non-Vaughan-selected English priest]) were in favor of declaring Anglican orders either valid or possibly valid. 4 were for invalidity (Gasquet, Moyes, Fleming [Cardinal Vaughan’s 3 representatives] and de Llaveneras. And it appears that none of the commissioners had changed their minds during the discussions; that was how it had begun. Now the case went to the Cardinals, under the Holy Office. *

*The Cardinals met once, after about a month of manuverings, primarily by Cardinal Vaughan and his representatives, on Thursday, 16 July 1896. This was a Feria V meeting, under the personal presidency of the Pope, which lends greater solemnity and authority to the final decision. An unusual effort to have the maximum number of Cardinals in attendence resulted in an ill Cardinal (Mertel) being carried into the meeting. But there was one notable absence: Cardinal Rampolla, the Cardinal Sec. of State, the only high Vatican official to have shown favor to Halifax’s and Portal’s idea from the first, was not present.

The Cardinals sat for about 2-3 hours. The vote, in brief, was that Anglican orders were invalid. Monsignor Merry Del Val, who had served as the original Commission secretary, and had worked closely with Cardinal Vaughan throughout, and Dom Francis Gasquet, from the Commission, drafted the original of the Bull. And it was issued on 13 Sep, 1896. *

As an aside, what is your understanding of how the Bull, the commission, and all, came to be? What started this? And precisely what question was the commission charged to answer?

BTW, I am a Continuing Anglican, not the official variety. My priest was ordained by one of the first 4 Continuing Anglican bishops, who was himself consecrated by an ECUSA bishop with definitive PNCC lines (received in 1962). I am at ease about the validity (not the liceity) of the orders that I am surrounded by. And the ordinal we use would pass muster by anyone. Includes porrection of the instruments, it does. Compares favorably with the Roman Pontifical of the 16th century, to say nothing of the current Roman rite.

I find AC a complicated and fascinating subject, but not one I hyper-ventilate on. I accept the ruling that *AC * made, for the RCs, as binding on them. But it is not something that greatly perturbs me, as I kneel at the altar rail to receive the Body and Blood. (Yes, I know).

GKC
 
I read to this post and decided i will read no longer… this is plain ignorance of church history and totally in correct. Please for the sake of Christian unity make sure your history is correct before amking blanket statements. I will not dive into why this is incorrect as i do not have time to write the real history of the churhc of england. Elizbeth is the real figure behind the church of england not henry. What henry did many kings and even bishops were doing during mediveal times!
Maybe, the problem is that Anglicans drive Catholics right up the wall. They call us stupid, ignorant, unwilling to accept their rightful protestant opinion, after beheading us, hanging us, disgorging us, and draw and quartering us while we were still alive.

For the sake of Christian unity, please don’t send us off to find some Jesuit exposition on the invalidity of Anglican orders. Please be kind, patient and condescending to us, and tell us what the error was in this Leo XIII exposition on Anglican orders.

Thank you.

pax,
mgrfin
 
Para 26. See above.

In fact, I am not sure whether the issue was correctly resolved by AC or not. But I am of the opinion that the matter was not throughly examined, to reach the conclusion. I base this primarily on the historical accounts in Fr. Hughes ABSOLUTELY NULL AND UTTERLY VOID.

I honestly have little time, in a given on-line session, to make substantial posts any more. But here is a cut and paste from something I did in more leisurely hours.

*The commissioners met first on 24 Mar 1896, for a procedural meeting. There were 10 other working meetings, and a final procedural one, on 7 May. The 10 working sessions lasted approx. 3 hours each, as far as can be shown. Of the 30 or so hours thus spent discussing Anglican orders, 19 had been taken up with historical questions, primarily relating to Cardinal Pole during Mary’s reign. Halfway through the 8th meeting, the subject of the adequacy of the Edwardine Ordinal was taken up. There is no evidence of discussion of intent, from available records and memos (the secret archives of the Vatican, through Leo XIII, including the papers of the Commission, were opened by JP II in 1978). The Commission wound up its work and passed its recommendations to the Cardinals who were to advise Leo.

It is possible to determine, with some confidence, the final positions of the commissioners on the issue. Generally, 4 of the 8 (Duchesne, Gasparri, de Augustinis, Scannell [the non-Vaughan-selected English priest]) were in favor of declaring Anglican orders either valid or possibly valid. 4 were for invalidity (Gasquet, Moyes, Fleming [Cardinal Vaughan’s 3 representatives] and de Llaveneras. And it appears that none of the commissioners had changed their minds during the discussions; that was how it had begun. Now the case went to the Cardinals, under the Holy Office. *

*The Cardinals met once, after about a month of manuverings, primarily by Cardinal Vaughan and his representatives, on Thursday, 16 July 1896. This was a Feria V meeting, under the personal presidency of the Pope, which lends greater solemnity and authority to the final decision. An unusual effort to have the maximum number of Cardinals in attendence resulted in an ill Cardinal (Mertel) being carried into the meeting. But there was one notable absence: Cardinal Rampolla, the Cardinal Sec. of State, the only high Vatican official to have shown favor to Halifax’s and Portal’s idea from the first, was not present.

The Cardinals sat for about 2-3 hours. The vote, in brief, was that Anglican orders were invalid. Monsignor Merry Del Val, who had served as the original Commission secretary, and had worked closely with Cardinal Vaughan throughout, and Dom Francis Gasquet, from the Commission, drafted the original of the Bull. And it was issued on 13 Sep, 1896. *

As an aside, what is your understanding of how the Bull, the commission, and all, came to be? What started this? And precisely what question was the commission charged to answer?

BTW, I am a Continuing Anglican, not the official variety. My priest was ordained by one of the first 4 Continuing Anglican bishops, who was himself consecrated by an ECUSA bishop with definitive PNCC lines (received in 1962). I am at ease about the validity (not the liceity) of the orders that I am surrounded by. And the ordinal we use would pass muster by anyone. Includes porrection of the instruments, it does. Compares favorably with the Roman Pontifical of the 16th century, to say nothing of the current Roman rite.

I find AC a complicated and fascinating subject, but not one I hyper-ventilate on. I accept the ruling that *AC * made, for the RCs, as binding on them. But it is not something that greatly perturbs me, as I kneel at the altar rail to receive the Body and Blood. (Yes, I know).

GKC
Merry Del Val drafted the Bull, but the Holy Spirit signed it.

pax

mgrfin
 
Maybe, the problem is that Anglicans drive Catholics right up the wall. They call us stupid, ignorant, unwilling to accept their rightful protestant opinion, after beheading us, hanging us, disgorging us, and draw and quartering us while we were still alive.

For the sake of Christian unity, please don’t send us off to find some Jesuit exposition on the invalidity of Anglican orders. Please be kind, patient and condescending to us, and tell us what the error was in this Leo XIII exposition on Anglican orders.

Thank you.

pax,
mgrfin
I drive you up the wall? I call you those names? Sir, I’ve never met you.

pax tecum

GKC

posterus traditus Anglicanus
 
I drive you up the wall? I call you those names? Sir, I’ve never met you.

pax tecum

GKC

posterus traditus Anglicanus
“posterus” and ‘traditus’ are not Roman latin words. What are you trying to say?
 
“posterus” and ‘traditus’ are not Roman latin words. What are you trying to say?
Fair question and one I have often wondered why no one asked, in the years I’ve used it.

I’m no Latin scholar, but my daughter is. Her degree is in Latin/Classics (Phi Beta Kappa, summa cum laude, lots of other honors and stuff) and she taught Latin at the high school level for 5 years, before joining the military, seven years ago.

She and I, and our families, are what are known as Continuing Anglicans (that is, traditionalist Anglicans. Schismatic schismatics, if you will). I once asked her to come up with a phrase to represent “Continuing Anglican” in Latin, for use on those occasions when I was giving *Anglicanus Catholicus *a rest. She thought a while and give me what you saw. She said it was best translated as Anglicans who are following the traditions. Or something like that. I wasn’t listening, I just wrote it down

Now, if you can point out the errors you see, I’ll ask her why she set me up. But she’s a dab hand at Latin, from the school record.

GKC

something or other.
 
You are completely wrong here. The Orthodox and the Old Catholics have unquestionably valid orders from your Church’s point of view, as did the Henrician “Anglican” Church. Schism does not result in invalid orders. The claim on your side is that our orders became invalid under Edward, not under Henry (and then again under Elizabeth because the Elizabethan Church used the Edwardian Ordinal–furthermore, the Marian bishops almost all resigned).

Edwin
The gentleman is correct; it is not schism per se but a substantial change in the form, to which is added defect of intention, that makes the rite in question invalid.
 
The gentleman is correct; it is not schism per se but a substantial change in the form, to which is added defect of intention, that makes the rite in question invalid.
Thus the conclusion of Apostolicae Curae, yes.

GKC
 
This has been tossed around before but as I understand it Pope Leo decided in 1896 that they were not valid based on a defect in form and intention. It was defective because in the ordinal of 1550 -1662 no explicit mention was made at the laying on of hands of the particular grade of ministry the person was being ordained to.

Staley notes this argument is crushed because in each service of ministry the grade of ministry is indicated again and again and that the services (“Form of ordering of Priests” and “Form of consecrating an archbishop and bishop”) is quite distinct. In fact in the 1550-1662 service book the words were taken out of scripture from Paul’s charge to Timothy Bishop of Ephesus. He goes on to note that the words in the Roman Pontifical are themselves even more vague and so for Leo to condemn Anglican orders would mean condemning those of the Roman Church.

Another objection had to do with removal of the intent to ordain in the Catholic intent. Staley notes this is incorrect and that the offending removed passage was only added to the Roman ordinal in the 11th century. He notes the Anglican church actually reverted to an earlier form used in the primitive Roman Church (Sacramentary of Leo the Great).

Staley quotes Catholic theologian Dr. Dollinger who notes " The solution to the question depends soley on historical evidence, and I must give it as the result of my investigations, that I have no manner of doubt as to the validity of the Episcopal succession in the English Church" (COnference at Bonn 1874).

My thought is that the Papal Bull of Leo had more to do with politics and practicality rather than validity. It would have been harmful to recognize the orders of what in some sense was an English Catholic Church when that church was in the process of amassing the most powerful and far reaching empire the world had known. That might have lead millions of would be Catholics to decide there was more acceptability in the Anglican Churches with the same validity and in the US may have lead Catholics to feel okay joining the Episcopal church which was much more socially acceptable.

Rev North
Regardless of what any pope says, Anglican orders are valid and fully contained in Apostolic Succession. In 1534 during the Reformation in England, former Catholic bishops that broke from Rome to join in under the Archbishop of Canterbury were in the apostolic line just the same as those Cathlic bishops who stayed with Rome. Who has any power or say so whatsoever to even suggest differently?
 
Regardless of what any pope says, Anglican orders are valid and fully contained in Apostolic Succession. In 1534 during the Reformation in England, former Catholic bishops that broke from Rome to join in under the Archbishop of Canterbury were in the apostolic line just the same as those Cathlic bishops who stayed with Rome. Who has any power or say so whatsoever to even suggest differently?
According to the RCC, they do. And, certainly, they have have the power to declare which orders they consider valid, and why.

It’s sort of complicated issue.

GKC
 
According to the RCC, they do. And, certainly, they have have the power to declare which orders they consider valid, and why.

It’s sort of complicated issue.

GKC
It’s really not complicated at all. You can call yourself whatever you wish, it however doesn’t make it correct.
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Back
Top