Priests are usually very busy, especially on a Sunday when there may be multiple liturgies. I’d start with the Catechism, and then ask questions here. If you have a group of questions, then I’d call the local parish and actually make an appointment with the priest to answer any that you’ve not yet found answers for.
Catholicism is very old, very deep, very rich. But the basic believes are found in the Apostles’ Creed.
Of course, you can also feel free to attend a Catholic Mass at any time–there are always visitors. You just can’t receive Holy Communion.
Like many Catholics, I go to Mass every day, and we thus hear and meditate on the Scriptures constantly since the Mass is seeped in them. I also pray daily the Liturgy of the Hours, and do lectio divina.