I
Isambard
Guest
Hmm…Assuming that your “earlier writings attributed to the Buddha” refers to the Pali Cannon, then you are mistaken. Gods appear but again are of very little importance. For example in the Kevatta sutta (Digha Nikaya 11) the gods are unable to answer a question:"When this was said, the gods of the retinue of the Four Great Kings said to the monk, ‘We also don’t know where the four great elements… cease without remainder. But there are the Four Great Kings who are higher and more sublime than we. They should know where the four great elements… cease without remainder.’
"So the monk approached the Four Great Kings and, on arrival, asked them, ‘Friends, where do these four great elements… cease without remainder?’
"When this was said, the Four Great Kings said to the monk, ‘We also don’t know where the four great elements… cease without remainder. But there are the gods of the Thirty-three who are higher and more sublime than we. They should know…’
"So the monk approached the gods of the Thirty-three and, on arrival, asked them, ‘Friends, where do these four great elements… cease without remainder?’
"When this was said, the gods of the Thirty-three said to the monk, 'We also don’t know where the four great elements… cease without remainder. But there is Sakka, the ruler of the gods, who is higher and more sublime than we. He should know… ’
"So the monk approached Sakka, the ruler of the gods, and, on arrival, asked him, ‘Friend, where do these four great elements… cease without remainder?’
"When this was said, Sakka, the ruler of the gods, said to the monk, ‘I also don’t know where the four great elements… cease without remainder. But there are the Yama gods who are higher and more sublime than I. They should know…’…
[Many gods do not know as far as the Great Brahma]
"So the monk approached the Great Brahma and, on arrival, said, ‘Friend, where do these four great elements — the earth property, the liquid property, the fire property, and the wind property — cease without remainder?’
"When this was said, the Great Brahma said to the monk, ‘I, monk, am Brahma, the Great Brahma, the Conqueror, the Unconquered, the All-Seeing, All-Powerful, the Sovereign Lord, the Maker, Creator, Chief, Appointer and Ruler, Father of All That Have Been and Shall Be.’
…
"Then the Great Brahma, taking the monk by the arm and leading him off to one side, said to him, ‘These gods of the retinue of Brahma believe, “There is nothing that the Great Brahma does not know. There is nothing that the Great Brahma does not see. There is nothing of which the Great Brahma is unaware. There is nothing that the Great Brahma has not realized.” That is why I did not say in their presence that I, too, don’t know where the four great elements… cease without remainder. So you have acted wrongly, acted incorrectly, in bypassing the Blessed One in search of an answer to this question elsewhere. Go right back to the Blessed One and, on arrival, ask him this question. However he answers it, you should take it to heart.’
Typically for a Buddhist sutta there are many gods and all of them are inferior to the Buddha. The Buddha knows the answer to the question; the gods do not.
rossum
After reading a few articals on the subject, you seem to be correct.
My apologes