Why do some verses in the Bible say that the apostles baptized in the name of Jesus when they should have baptized in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit? Example:
On hearing this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.
(Acts 19:5 RSV-CE)
The simple answer is to state the obvious. It is obvious that the words “only” and “alone” are not in this verse. It does not say they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus only or alone. Therefore, this does not contradict the Triune formula.
Context is everything. Let us cover the complex answer:
1 AND it came to pass, while Apollo was at Corinth, that Paul having passed through the upper coasts, came to Ephesus, and found certain disciples. 2 And he said to them: Have you received the Holy Ghost since ye believed? But they said to him:
We have not so much as heard whether there be a Holy Ghost. 3 And he said: In what then were you baptized? Who said:* In John’s baptism.* 4 Then Paul said: John baptized the people with the baptism of penance, saying: That they should believe in him who was to come after him, that is to say, in Jesus. 5
Having heard these things, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. (Acts 19:1-5)
We should note the following from this. First, these people were ignorant of the Holy Spirit. This is perfectly understandable, since they were also shown to be mostly, if not all, ignorant of Jesus Christ. This is the reason that Paul reminded them that John said that they should believe in “him who was to come after him,” which would be Christ. Hence, knowledge of Christ becomes key to this passage. As key to their understanding, Luke felt compelled to state that they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.
Of course, the question could be asked at this point as to why Luke did not state that they were baptized in the name of Jesus and the Holy Spirit. Since the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and Son, they had to grasp the concept of the Son for them to come to a knowledge of the Holy Spirit. Luke and Paul knew that Jesus was the key to their understanding everything else. Again, this is the reason that Luke writes verse five as he did.