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Yours_Truly
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The primary cause of grace is God; the intermediate cause is the sacrament. If the sacrament is performed correctly, the grace will flow from God. Although God binds Himself to act via the intermediate cause, He Himself can act without the intermediate cause, since He Himself is the primary cause.You can’t separate the effect (spirit of sanctification and blood of redemption) from the Sacrament itself (water baptism). Baptism of Desire would indeed give someone the effect without the actual Sacrament. As anyone can see all three must be present for the Sacrament to take place.
St. Thomas: “Besides, since accidents result from the substantial principles of a thing, the agent who immediately produces the substance of a thing must be able immediately to cause, in relation to this thing, anything whatever that results from the thing’s substance. For instance, the generating agent, because it gives the form, gives all the properties and resultant motions. Now, we showed above that God, at the first establishment of things, brought all things immediately into being by creation. Therefore, He is able immediately to move anything to any effect without intermediate causes”.
God can produce the effect of baptism (grace in the soul) without the use of an intermediate cause (the sacrament itself).
Such a thing would only be impossible for God if it was a contradiction, which it is not. God, who is the cause of grace, can infuse grace into the soul without the use of the intermediate cause.