You’ve asked about 8 lengthy questions in that single sentence. One forum post won’t do the specifics very much justice. However, the tables I’m linking to below will be a good start in comparing theology.
I think the question was supposed to be comparative. When it comes to papal authority, I think in many ways this is a similarity between the split east and west, and the split within the west.
I think one the biggest might be the view of apostolic succession. The east considers it in a way similar to Rome, while at least Lutherans view it as important, even desirable, but not essential, a valuable man-made practice, but not divinely set out. Hope I explained that well.
Also, how we view Tradition. The east, generally does not accept the practice of sola scriptura for hermeneutics.
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