I always “assumed” that the “sanctuary” meant the area where the main altar is located and the area surrounding it. The church I was referring to also has two side altars: One to the left and one to the right of the main altar. (The BVM’s and St. Joseph’s respectively.) These side altars are separated by an arch and in no way detract from the main altar area and are much smaller as is typical. The church is run by diocesan priests, not an order.
The main altar IS on a “one-step up” raised platform. Then, behind IT are three steps which lead to the “old altar” which holds the tabernacle and the large crucifix hangs above it.
The musical equipment is about three feet away from the main altar platform on the right…next to the arch of the side altar, but not IN the side altar area itself…that’s why I said it’s in the “sanctuary” proper.
If they are not on the same floor as the altar, then they are OK. They are not on the sanctuary. The sanctuary is the floor on which the altar of sacrifice sits. It’s usually a platform floor, at least in the west. In the East it’s often an area marked off by a carpet or a change in floor, such as different tiles.
In many older constructions, the sanctuary begins with a platform that you step up. then you can proceed to another series of steps, usually three, to a higher platform. But the sanctuary itself begins at that first step, even if the altar is on the second level.
I’m trying to remember, but I think that at the Basilica of the Immaculate Concpetion the altar is on a second platform. In other words, you step up one step onto a large open area, now you’re in the sanctuary. The priests, deacons, servers and readaers usually sit at this level. Then there is another platform with several steps. The altar of sacrifice is on the top.
As long as the music is not on that first step, they are not in the sanctuary. They are near, but not on. Near is allowed, on is not. If you go to mass at St. Peter’s in Vatican City, the music is on the side, flush against the sanctuary, but not on the sanctuary floor itself.
No one is allowed on the sanctuary who is not exercising a ministry in the liturgy. Overcrowding is not allowed either. If you have many priests concelebrating and the sanctuary is not large enough to sit them to the sides, then they are to sit in the front rows with the people behind them.
Having them that close to the sanctuary is not always the most practical solution, but it’s not against the rules. Going back to St. Peter’s, they never built a choir loft in the place. It was not done when the basilica was built. That’s a much later concept, introduced by in the 1700s or even later. If I’m not mistaken, it had to do with the pipe organ. It needed to be in a very large space, because those things take up a lot of room. The best place for it was a gallery. Choirs began to sing from there, because the choir master and the organist were often the same person.
The GIRM recommends a place on the side, if there is no other choice, preferably as far from the center as possible, but where they can see.
Fraternally,
Br. JR, OSF
