Hi Steve, I understand the theology you are saying but I’m more interested in how to interpret this specific passage.
A couple of points:
(i) It doesn’t follow that if works contribute to our salvation, then God owes us. This would be true if we were saved only by our works. Then, logically, God would have to save those who work. But if salvation is - through grace - a result of both faith and works, then it doesn’t follow that God owes us anything. Both Catholics and Protestants acknowledge that salvation is by God’s grace, and I think this is the key point. Because even if salvation was by faith alone, it would still be by grace - or else, God would owe you because of your faith. Similarly, Catholics hold that it is by both faith and works but, again, by grace. In both cases, God is gifting (hence “grace”) salvation to us.
(ii) If works had no value towards salvation, I don’t understand what the point of this parable is. If Jesus wanted to say, that we are saved through faith, why even mention works? In fact, it is interesting that he doesn’t mention “faith” or “belief” even once, but uses terms that have to do with works over and over again.
(i) this is a good point, does God owe us salvation because we have faith? Let me be expansive in my explanation. When I mention God owing us for works I think of Paul’s writing in Romans that grace is only grace if given freely.
Romans 11:6 But if it is by grace, it is no longer on the basis of works; otherwise grace would no longer be grace.
So my boss doesn’t give me my check every week because of grace, but because he owes me for my work. This is the danger of putting too high a value on work being involved in salvation. We might begin to be impressed with the works we do and begin to think God is lucky to have us. (notice the sheep are surprised to hear they were being kind to Jesus when they were kind to others). Likewise, the person who places no importance on works will, in time, see their faith weaken, their relationship with God falter. Works are to represent God’s love to the world, to strengthen our faith, to teach and role model Christian living to the next generation. Works justify, they don’t save. Does God owe us grace in return for faith? I’ve done a lot of thinking about this over the last day. If I may make a clumsy analogy, God is like gravity. I don’t have to have faith in the laws of gravity, but my life is much less painful if I do. Faith is more than just believing something, it is molding your life around it. I’ve put steps outside the doors of my house, I poured my driveway so it slopes away from the garage, my basketball hoop isn’t near any hills, you get the idea. Likewise, my life is molded by my faith in, and love of, God, around prayer, Scriptural study, raising my kids by the Bible, church and church activities, sharing with others, giving time and money to God’s work. I can do a work and not want to, I can’t mold my life around something unless I want to. God doesn’t owe me grace because of faith, God has earned my faith because He first loved me and molded His actions around me (and everyone else as well). From the creation of the world, to nature, gave me a great wife and kids, science and technology that makes life easier and more fun, to His Son dying for my sin, and grace is part of the package for the faithful.
(ii) Let us not forget that Jesus is nearing the end of His ministry when He tells this parable. He has been teaching His disciples for three years now. Does He still have to include believe in Me in every parable? Jesus spent three years doing all the things he mentions and a lot more. Do what I do, and what I say seems to be the message in the parable.