A couple of questions now come to mind.
Is there an agreed upon listing of Catholic dogmas. It would seem to me that if I were Catholic, I really would want to know what is dogma that I must believe and what is of a lesser classification that it may be possible to dissent.
Dogma (the infallible, defined teachings of the Church) are evident in one of four ways:
- The explicit teaching of Sacred Scripture.
- The teachings of Ecumenical Councils.
- The consistent teaching of the Episcopacy throughout the ages.
- The solemn, ex cathedra definitions of the Pope.
Now sifting through 2000 years of teaching and pigeon holing it all into one of these four categories (or even concluding that they don’t fit in any of them) is a very daunting task, which is why we have theologians. Some dogmatic teachings are so obvious that even non-Catholics can usually recognize them as Catholic dogma (eg. the Trinity, Apostolic Succession, the supremacy of the bishop of Rome, the perpetual virginity of Mary, etc). Such dogma is usually explicitly stated in our creeds, which themselves come from Ecumenical Council (a source of infallibility for the Church).
Other dogma, as I mentioned earlier, are contested. The Church teaches that artificial birth control is morally wrong. But is that teaching a dogma? I don’t know. I don’t know of any Ecumenical Council that has defined this as such, neither do I know of any ex cathedra definitions by any Popes. Considering that artificial contraception is a relatively new thing in our 2000 year history as a Church, I don’t think it’s even possible for there to be any kind of “consistent affirmation by the episcopacy throughout the ages”, so I would tentatively conclude that the Church’s teaching on artificial contraception is
not an infallibly defined dogma.
However, that does not mean a Catholic may or should dissent simply because it isn’t dogma. We as Catholics are expected to give assent of faith to
all the teachings of the Church. In essence, it’s giving the Magisterium the benefit of the doubt. All it means is that the Church
could, conceivably be wrong, and that the teaching doesn’t carry with it any charism of infallibility.
Now I’d say that a Catholic who willy-nilly dissents from any (or some) non-infallible teachings of the Church is still a Catholic, howbeit a poor one, one who really ought to examine his conscience as to why and on what grounds he’s dissenting. He’s still a Catholic though, as the teaching from which he’s dissenting isn’t dogma.
Dogma on the other hand
defines us, just as not eating meat
defines a vegetarian.
By definition a vegetarian cannot eat meat otherwise he ceases to be a Vegetarian. Similarly,
by definition a Catholic cannot deny dogma otherwise he ceases to be a Catholic.
I’m not in any position to unilaterally decide what is and what isn’t dogma. I don’t hold the priesthood and I’m not a theologian so I always err on the side of caution and defer to the teaching magisterium and the theologians who also defer to the magisterium. But just because I’m in no proper position to judge the dogmatic nature of the Church’s teachings doesn’t mean I’m incapable of recognizing dogma.
As far as one having a list by which one can know if “he can dissent or not”, this comes off as a sort of shady, minimalist position. “I’ll believe
only what I
have to believe in order to remain a Catholic.” We should
by default believe
everything the Church teaches including non-infallible, ordinary teaching. It’s only when one has diligently done everything in his power to give assent (study the teaching, its nature, and pray pray pray) but in the end his conscience keeps him from doing so, is a Catholic
arguably in a good, moral position.
And what do you mean by believe dogma anyway? It seems to me that believe / deny is more a continuum than a binary state. For example you might be skeptical but not flat out deny. Or you may tentatively accept but have a lot of reservations. These states are somewhere in the middle between believe and deny.
I’m talking about flat out dissent, not healthy skepticism. “I don’t really understand this. It makes very little sense to me, and I’m honestly quite skeptical of it. I’ll trust that the Magisterium knows what she’s talking about, however” is still an “assent of will and faith”. I like how you put it later on:
And there is also the issue of submitting to authority. For example you might not believe a certain point of dogma, but realize that is what the church teaches. So therefore you will not be contentious and not raise the issue except possibly in confession.
I know this has sort of strayed from the original topic, but these are questions I have sort of wanted to ask.
They’re good questions, and the same ones I had when I was investigating Catholicism prior to conversion. I admit that I still don’t understand all of the nuances in theology, and I’ve slowly come to understand why theologians have to spend so much time in school!
If you’re very serious about understanding the varying forms Church teaching takes, the various documents that come from the teaching Magisterium, and the level of assent expected of each, may I recommend two very good (short) books:
“Creative Fidelity: Weighing and Interpreting Documents of the Magisterium”
&
“Magisterium: Teaching Authority in the Catholic Church”
both of which are authored by Francis A. Sullivan, S.J.
PS: I miss your old screen name. I found it to be quite humble. I’m sorry so many people hassled your for it
