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The firebombings of Dresden, Hamburg, Tokyo and others by the Allies were,objectively speaking, war crimes. They were designed to kill non combatants. Women, children, the elderly, the disabled etc. (Hamburg, for example, was designed to target the civilian population by British RAF Air Marshal and Chief of Bomber Command Arthur Harris, who was a staunch advocate of indiscriminate destruction of German cities in order to force them to surrender by breaking them.) Tokyo, in March 1945, was designed by USAAF (there was no independent Air Force in WWII) General Curtis LeMay to kill as many Japanese as possible. They flew the B29s in low, dropped firebombs and incinerated 16 square miles of Tokyo and over 100,000 people. This was even more effective than raids over Germany because Japan did not have anti-aircraft weaponry as good as the Nazis and the bulk of the homes were made of highly flammable materials. The Bomber crews in some planes in later waves could literally smell burning human beings. It was the single deadliest air raid of all time, killing more people than either Hiroshima or Nagasaki.