What is the non-Catholic understanding of this teaching?
isn’t it obvious? It refers to (for a lack of a better word) “religious” matters.
Mat 23:1
Then spake Jesus to the multitude, and to his disciples,
Mat 23:2
Saying,
The scribes and the
Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat:
Mat 23:3
All therefore whatsoever they bid you observe, [that] observe and do;
but do not ye after their works: for they say, and do not.
Mat 23:4
For they bind heavy burdens and grievous to be borne, and lay [them] on men’s shoulders; but they [themselves] will not move them with one of their fingers.
Mat 23:5
But all their works they do for to be seen of men: they make broad their phylacteries, and enlarge the borders of their garments,
Mat 23:6
And love the uppermost rooms at feasts, and the chief seats in the synagogues,
Mat 23:7
And greetings in the markets, and to be called of men,
Rabbi,
Rabbi.
Mat 23:8
But be not ye called Rabbi: for one is your Master, [even] Christ; and all ye are brethren.
Mat 23:9
And call no [man] your father upon the earth: for one is your Father, which is in heaven.