“The Church” never officially taught such a thing. It was a widely held opinion at the time. Some people (like Copernicus) disagreed. Some people (like Galileo) made pests of themselves while disagreeing. They weren’t censured for disagreeing (since nothing bad ever happened to Copernicus) but rather, for making pests of themselves.
Just as the idea of divinely-guided evolution, with regard to the Creation, is not an official Church teaching today, but rather it is a commonly-held opinion among many Catholics today, and is considered by many to be the most reasonable explanation among those available. There are those who disagree with it peacefully while offering equal time to all sides, and those who make pests of themselves and suddenly find themselves without employment in the Church. (I am thinking of someone whose initials are RS.)