Can dogmas be 're-formulated'...(changed)?

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I went to the Vatican website and found the following question and answer in the CCCC:

***171. What is the meaning of the affirmation “Outside the Church there is no salvation”?

846-848

This means that all salvation comes from Christ, the Head, through the Church which is his body. Hence they cannot be saved who, knowing the Church as founded by Christ and necessary for salvation, would refuse to enter her or remain in her. At the same time, thanks to Christ and to his Church, those who through no fault of their own do not know the Gospel of Christ and his Church but sincerely seek God and, moved by grace, try to do his will as it is known through the dictates of conscience can attain eternal salvation.***

The answer stated above from the CCCC makes me wonder - what if any - is/was the purpose of missionaries who lived and died (some violently) in the pursuit of converting others to the Catholic religion over the centuries? Acording to this definition, ignorance is bliss and people should be left alone so that they can attain eternal salvation without the stringent dogmas of the Catholic religion to challenge their chances for the same! In other words, why not leave them alone???

I know there is something wrong with this thinking, so can you answer that question with some sort of short summary?

Also, the CCC seems good for adult Catholics…but what about little children? Honestly, I taught CCD for some years and was appalled at the ignorance of children who, in the 5th and 6th grade didn’t even know the sign of the cross or basic prayers!!!
The problem with your thinking is that you do not account for the mandate that Christians got on the day of Pentecost. We have an obligation to bring the knowledge of the salvific action of Christ to the ignorant people.
 
The problem with your thinking is that you do not account for the mandate that Christians got on the day of Pentecost. We have an obligation to bring the knowledge of the salvific action of Christ to the ignorant people.
Where is that ‘obligation’ stated in the catechism…or is it?
 
Hello all! I just had the opportunity (and inclination) to read through this entire thread - interesting discussion, for sure.

The purpose and intent of the CCC seems to be a central theme of discussion.

FWIW - we can probably count to the hundreds now the threads in CAF alone that have some origination in questions arising (i) from well intended Catholics seeking to understand the meaning and intent of single passages of the CCC or (ii) from opponents of Catholicism seeking to discredit or challenge conventional understanding regarding Catholic thought and teaching, using the CCC as a weapon. The latter also popularly claim on most occasions that because the Catechism doesn’t rise to the level of infallible teaching, it may be discarded in its entirety by all, including the Catholic faithful.

Two observations and comments:
  • These misunderstandings (intended or unintended) seem to stem in part from a lack of understanding of terminology and verbage as it is specifically used in the Church, by those who do the work of the Church (bishops, clergy, theologians, etc.) .
  • Also, reference or focus on single passages, without regard or appreciation of the passage within the broader context of the entire related section(s) of the CCC, can often lead one to a conclusion on the underlying teaching that is contrary to the intent.
This is not unusual for a text formatted as a Catechism, where concepts are taught and reinforced both as a series of individual statements of fact and as a collection of related facts and concepts that are intended to be understood more broadly, taken as a whole. In the specific case of the CCC, subsequent passages seem to clarify more central points that have already be made as primary points earlier in the section. Again, if such are read in isolation, they will likely seem confusing and perhaps contrary to conventional Catholic understanding.

I’m a CPA by trade and training. We use words from the English language in my profession that have specific meaning in the context of the discipline, and are widely understood in that way by CPAs and other finance professionals. Yet, a lay person may not fully understand the meaning as intended, based on their own understanding of the words used by the CPA trade, in comparison to the meaning normally ascribed to the same words in common usage. I’ve done financial reporting for public companies, and achieving “transparency” in disclosures to investors is a challenge on multiple fronts, including conveyance of meaning of specific-use language within the context of a specialized discipline.

Does all this answer any specific questions here? I sincerely doubt it, but I offer it up in the hopes that we can appreciate that the authors of the Catechism are using language (and translated language at that) very specifically and intentionally, but in a manner likely understood first and best by them - the specialists upon whom we rely regularly to catechize us on the tenets of the True Faith. It has already been pointed out that the CCC was intended first and foremost for bishops and clergy. Not suggesting we should thus not read the CCC independently, but that we simply should appreciate that we may need some additional “context” to fully grasp it at times.

Peace be with you!
 
The answer stated above from the CCCC makes me wonder - what if any - is/was the purpose of missionaries who lived and died (some violently) in the pursuit of converting others to the Catholic religion over the centuries? Acording to this definition, ignorance is bliss and people should be left alone so that they can attain eternal salvation without the stringent dogmas of the Catholic religion to challenge their chances for the same! In other words, why not leave them alone???
The two problems with this way of thinking are:
  1. Even if it may be possible to be saved without the benefit of visible membership in the Church, it is surely not very easy; and
  2. The greatest honor is given to God by worship according to the Catholic Church. Even if a person were going to be saved either way, it would be much better that he had the opportunity to render fitting praise and worship to God according to his revealed Word. This is even true if a person would be saved without evangelization, and might not be saved if he were subject to the strictures of Church teaching. For the same reason, it is not a mercy to kill a baptized infant, even though the infant would go immediately to heaven whereas by growing up there is a strong chance he might lose his salvation.
 
The two problems with this way of thinking are:
  1. Even if it may be possible to be saved without the benefit of visible membership in the Church, it is surely not very easy; and
  2. The greatest honor is given to God by worship according to the Catholic Church. Even if a person were going to be saved either way, it would be much better that he had the opportunity to render fitting praise and worship to God according to his revealed Word. This is even true if a person would be saved without evangelization, and might not be saved if he were subject to the strictures of Church teaching. For the same reason, it is not a mercy to kill a baptized infant, even though the infant would go immediately to heaven whereas by growing up there is a strong chance he might lose his salvation.
Really interesting thoughts, Mark!
As I read them, I recalled a conversation that I had with my brother once about the fate of aborted babies. He said “if all aborted babies go to heaven, why not encourage abortion rather than try stopping it…after all, our ultimate goal IS heaven?”
Upon researching the topic, I discovered that the churche’s official stance on the fate of aborted children is NOT that they are definitely in heaven but it DOES NOT KNOW their fate and commends them to God’s Mercy.
Anything is possible as to their fate. Therefore, I believe they need our prayers just like any and every other human being. What if the disposition of the parents had something to do with their fate? In other words ‘baptism of desire’? Repentance?
I realize I am straying from the point of this thread, but your post got me thinking about this again!
 
…after all, our ultimate goal IS heaven?"
Our goal should be to please God, not to score eternal life for ourselves. In the same way that perfect contrition is distinguished from the imperfect inasmuch as it is occasioned by sorrow at having offended God versus fear of going to Hell, likewise our thoughts and actions are the more perfect to the extent we direct them to please God rather than to gain our own salvation. “For he that will save his life, shall lose it: and he that shall lose his life for my sake, shall find it.”
 
I think it is like Math. If you use Cartesian coordinate to pin point a location, be sure to always consistent interpreting it using Cartesian coordinate. Don’t use Polar coordinate system. Sometimes translation to one model to another is not always exact, that is a problem we have with every model and language (whole number in this model but irrational number in that model so you need to make rounding).
Good analogy. Beat me to it.

One thing I’d add. Linguistics is multi-dimensional. If the world and the Truth were only as simple as 3-dimensions. 🙂
 
Interesting. I don’t see what is hard about the CCC? :confused:🤷

With the advent of the internet and not to mention the fact that a lot of people have college degrees, I think the average person is very well educated.

Now the Summa Theologica, is another matter…😛
The issue is that the CCC assumes that you know what came before. If you notice, it gives you references in the margins or and footnotes, as well as end notes. When you go to those references, they are based on other writings that came before them and so forth down the line.

Unless the reader is either familiar with what came before or is willing to do the reading going as far back as it may take you, then it’s not such a good book for the person in the pew.

The person in the pew has one of two choices.
  1. Trust that what it says is based on the Church’s collective experience of 2,000 years
or
  1. Start with the CCC and work backward until you find yourself reading, Bonaventure, Aquinas, Socrates, Aristotle, the Church Fathers, the Desert Fathers, the Doctors and Spiritual Masters, and every decree and commentary made by popes and councils between Peter and Benedict XVI.
Trust me, even the pope doesn’t know that much theology, as bright as he is. Even he stops at some point and decides to trust. It’s humanly impossible to acquire so much knowledge and keep it straight in your head without having a meltdown.

They tried as hard as they could to make the CCC user friendly for those who do not have a philosophy and theology background. Even when you try, you’re always going to have to count on the reader gong back to other sources. You can only squeeze so much into one book.

The CCC leaves out complete branches of theology that it never touches. It can’t contain them all, so did the Baltimore Catechism, the Catechism of Trent and the Catechism of Pius X. They all left out complete branches of theology. The hope was that people would explore those through courses or on their own.

It’s not an issue of how educated the laity is. It’s a issue of whether the reader has the right background education. A brain surgeon may pick up the CCC and be left in awe, because there are words that mean something different to him. Of course, if he goes to Webster, instead of a Dictionary of Theology, Dictionary of Philosophy, Dictionary the Bible, he will get the wrong definition.

Like our friend said, each discipline has its own language. This has nothing to do with Latin. Even if you had everyone read Latin, the same word can have five meanings in five different disciplines or better yet, in five branches of theology. Each branch, even though it uses Latin, has its own jargon and nuance.

It’s actually a lot of fun, if one has the interest and the time to explore. If one is looking for a quick answer, the Compendium is a much better book.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
 
Good analogy. Beat me to it.

One thing I’d add. Linguistics is multi-dimensional. If the world and the Truth were only as simple as 3-dimensions. 🙂
My my, don’t you know that in linear algebra we can work with infinite dimensional space? 😉
1, 2, 3 dimensions are only the most common subset we work on 😃

But, basically with this analogy I want to say, like math, dogmatic truth can be represented with different models. Pick your choosing, Aristotelian, Platonic, Neo-Platonic? Add to the that choosing the flavor of different school of theology: Dominican, Franciscan, Thomism, Augustinian, Mom&Dad4Kid-ism.
But once formulated within a model boundary, make sure to interpret it accordingly otherwise you misinterpret it or worse create a faulty formulation using different model.
“Argh, I’m getting fat. My weight just increased another 10 pounds”.
“Oh no you not, your mass is gaining another 10 pounds, to calculate your weight you need to multiply it with local gravitational acceleration.”
Truth to be told, it is not possible to contain the whole subset of complex truth within one model. Differing formulation sometimes necessary to complement it.

The Church grasp this limitation, that is why often times she formulate truth in negative statements: what is not.
Infallible means protected from error. But does not mean you already reach the best optimal maximal formulation possible.
 
Our goal should be to please God, not to score eternal life for ourselves. In the same way that perfect contrition is distinguished from the imperfect inasmuch as it is occasioned by sorrow at having offended God versus fear of going to Hell, likewise our thoughts and actions are the more perfect to the extent we direct them to please God rather than to gain our own salvation. “For he that will save his life, shall lose it: and he that shall lose his life for my sake, shall find it.”
So, what is God’s will in so far as our destiny??? If His will is that we be with Him for all eternity (in heaven) then does it not follow that to aim to get there ‘pleases’ Him???
Surely it is no easy task to attain heaven, given the spiritual battle we must endure and engage in to get there. The fact is that NOT ALL souls are going to heaven as they choose NOT to know love and serve God. We can only ‘hope’ that our efforts to love God will lead us to eternal union with Him. Is this thinking incorrect?
 
They tried as hard as they could to make the CCC user friendly for those who do not have a philosophy and theology background. Even when you try, you’re always going to have to count on the reader gong back to other sources. You can only squeeze so much into one book.

The CCC leaves out complete branches of theology that it never touches. It can’t contain them all, so did the Baltimore Catechism, the Catechism of Trent and the Catechism of Pius X. They all left out complete branches of theology. The hope was that people would explore those through courses or on their own.

It’s not an issue of how educated the laity is. It’s a issue of whether the reader has the right background education. A brain surgeon may pick up the CCC and be left in awe, because there are words that mean something different to him. Of course, if he goes to Webster, instead of a Dictionary of Theology, Dictionary of Philosophy, Dictionary the Bible, he will get the wrong definition.

Like our friend said, each discipline has its own language. This has nothing to do with Latin. Even if you had everyone read Latin, the same word can have five meanings in five different disciplines or better yet, in five branches of theology. Each branch, even though it uses Latin, has its own jargon and nuance.

It’s actually a lot of fun, if one has the interest and the time to explore. If one is looking for a quick answer, the Compendium is a much better book.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
I read the CCC early on in my journey and I’m slowly reading the Roman Catechism now. I believe the reason it is easy to be confused is not because someone doesn’t have the theological background. Christianity is not supposed to be a religion that you need multiple degrees to understand. You can enrich your understanding, but not only theologians have access to Jesus.

The problem is that there is a lot of ambiguous language. The Roman Catechism was written as a resource for priests to use to give their homilies. That wasn’t written for the laity either. However, my feel so far is that there is a lot less ambiguity in the Roman Catechism.

Sometimes that ambiguous language appears to be at odds with earlier dogma. I would use the word ambiguous and also “careful”. There is a lot of careful language as if to avoid offending anyone who is non-Catholic.

Now, I don’t know if this means the Church is still developing its understanding of doctrine and that is why there is a lot of vagueness in some more modern encyclicals and the CCC. Reading through some Catholic history books, showed me how some doctrines were developed, sometimes through much arguments between different theologians.

Maybe the next catechism will have a different flavor 🤷
 
I read the CCC early on in my journey and I’m slowly reading the Roman Catechism now. I believe the reason it is easy to be confused is not because someone doesn’t have the theological background. Christianity is not supposed to be a religion that you need multiple degrees to understand. You can enrich your understanding, but not only theologians have access to Jesus.

The problem is that there is a lot of ambiguous language. The Roman Catechism was written as a resource for priests to use to give their homilies. That wasn’t written for the laity either. However, my feel so far is that there is a lot less ambiguity in the Roman Catechism.

Sometimes that ambiguous language appears to be at odds with earlier dogma. I would use the word ambiguous and also “careful”. There is a lot of careful language as if to avoid offending anyone who is non-Catholic.

Now, I don’t know if this means the Church is still developing its understanding of doctrine and that is why there is a lot of vagueness in some more modern encyclicals and the CCC. Reading through some Catholic history books, showed me how some doctrines were developed, sometimes through much arguments between different theologians.

Maybe the next catechism will have a different flavor 🤷
Here you are mixing religion with theology. They are not the same thing! You can be a very religious person and become a Saint without having a grasp of theology. You do not even need to know how to read and write to be a very religious person and become a Saint, but you need a bit of education to be a reasonable theologian.
 
Here you are mixing religion with theology. They are not the same thing! You can be a very religious person and become a Saint without having a grasp of theology. You not not even need to know how to read and write to be a very religious person and become a Saint, but you need a bit of education to be a reasonable theologian.
I am somehow reminded by your comments of the lesson Christ taught us as regards children.
“Let the children come to me, and do not prevent them; for the kingdom of heaven belongs to such as these.” [Matthew 19:14]
He realizes that the innocence and openness of youth make it easier to open one’s heart to the fullness and goodness of God.

Education is not a bad thing, in moderation (like all else), but is no easy substitute for Faith.
 
The three of you are speaking about different things here almost as if you had to defend the one against the other, which is not necessary. Let’s see if I can help.
I read the CCC early on in my journey and I’m slowly reading the Roman Catechism now. I believe the reason it is easy to be confused is not because someone doesn’t have the theological background. Christianity is not supposed to be a religion that you need multiple degrees to understand. You can enrich your understanding, but not only theologians have access to Jesus.

The problem is that there is a lot of ambiguous language. The Roman Catechism was written as a resource for priests to use to give their homilies. That wasn’t written for the laity either. However, my feel so far is that there is a lot less ambiguity in the Roman Catechism.

Sometimes that ambiguous language appears to be at odds with earlier dogma. I would use the word ambiguous and also “careful”. There is a lot of careful language as if to avoid offending anyone who is non-Catholic.

Now, I don’t know if this means the Church is still developing its understanding of doctrine and that is why there is a lot of vagueness in some more modern encyclicals and the CCC. Reading through some Catholic history books, showed me how some doctrines were developed, sometimes through much arguments between different theologians.

Maybe the next catechism will have a different flavor 🤷
The so called ambiguity in the CCC is not ambiguous to the theologian. It is ambiguous to the parish priest, the layman in the pews, the religious sister or brother in ministry. This was not written for that audience. The assumption was that those reading it would be scholars who speak the language of theology.

On another note, no one ever said that you need theology to be a saint. The Church needs theology to be the Church. Catholicism is a scholastic Church. During one of his very early talks after he was first elected, Pope Benedict made this statement. He made a distinction between faith and the understanding of faith. Faith is what we need to get to heaven. Theology is what the Church uses to help us understand faith.

He also made mention that one of the external qualities that sets the Catholic Church apart from all other Christian traditions is that it is spiritual and academic. Theology helps us to understand the faith, but it is not the faith itself. However, without it, the Catholic Church would be as ignorant of every other Christian community. That’s why Protestantism has split into so many branches out of one tree. It lacks scholarship and it lacks a central authority. Since the 1800s, many Protestants have tried to engage in scholarship, but without the central leadership to point to what it and what is not, you still end up with many different schools of theology that are often in conflict.

But back to the language, to those of us who spent years studying this stuff, the language is not ambiguous at all and is not contradictory, it’s just a development of what was said previously. It’s like another layer on the onion.

As to the Church avoiding offending other religions, there is an almost obsession in the Trad world that Catholicism is not Catholicism if it’s not in conflict and in argument with non-Catholics. There is often little room for entertaining the idea that other Christians may have some things to teach us. There is not much thought about the fact that we have engaged in word wars for 500 years and did not budge toward reuniting the Body of Christ. Only a child or an idiot keeps walking into the same wall in the hopes of getting to the other side and I’m not so sure about the child.

It’s not that the Church is being PC. It’s that she’s avoiding arguments that lead nowhere. She’s switching modes. From confrontation, she trying education and invitation. In addition, she feels strongly that she must convert Catholics back to Christianity. Catholics have harbored too many hostilities toward non-Catholics for far too long. Such hostility is far from Christian. We have harbored hostilities toward each other as well, at times indifference. These things are on the Church’s list of priorities at this time. Her focus in her writings is going to reflect her quest for unity and her quest for peace within and without.

That’s why I repeat, for anyone who finds the language of the CCC ambiguous, read Augustine, Bonaventure and John Henry Newman. Most of that so called ambiguous language comes from their writings. Cardinal Ratzinger was in charge of overseeing the CCC. He is a big student of these three men. He is going to use their writings, their language and their worldview to explain the faith. If one goes back to them, one finds that they don’t contradict tradition at all. They actually raise very interesting questions about what we traditionally believe and their responses enriches what we know.

The purpose of something like the CCC is knowledge to understand the faith.
 
Here you are mixing religion with theology. They are not the same thing! You can be a very religious person and become a Saint without having a grasp of theology. You do not even need to know how to read and write to be a very religious person and become a Saint, but you need a bit of education to be a reasonable theologian.
Agreed.
I am somehow reminded by your comments of the lesson Christ taught us as regards children.

He realizes that the innocence and openness of youth make it easier to open one’s heart to the fullness and goodness of God.

Education is not a bad thing, in moderation (like all else), but is no easy substitute for Faith.
I’m not sure what you mean with moderation. The Catholic Church is famous for education and for having the most educated members in the world, lay, religious and clergy. It has produced not only great works in theology, but also science, mathematics, art, music, literature, law, agriculture and political science.

You have Franciscans like Copernicus, Roger Bacon, Dante, Thomas More and Maximilian Kolbe who were geniuses.

There are the great Carmelite scholars like Brother Lawrence, Teresa of Avila, John of the Cross, Therese of Lieseaux, Edith Stein

The Dominicans and Jesuits have produced more scientists, mathematicians and scholars than we can count.

We have operated the best centers of learning in the Western World and made great contributions to knowledge. Even today, the Catholic Church spends billions of dollar a year to operate the world’s largest and most advanced astonomical observatories in Europe and the USA. They are totally owned by the Vatican. Neither the USA nor the European Union have any money involved. But every scholar of physics, astronomy and other sciences related to the origins of the universe has access to these facilities and techonology.

We run the mos expensive and expansive network of universities. These are the Pontifical Universities, which are different from the Catholic colleges and universities run by religious communities or lay groups. The Pontifical Universities are chartered directly by the Vatican’s commission on Education and they provide education in every area from journalism to theology. There are several hundred of them. There are more pontifical universities than state universities in the USA. They surely have less students, because they’re smaller. But they’re scattered around the world. We have three in the USA.

Having said that, I certainly agree that scholarship does not translate into sanctity. Scholarship is a means. Sanctity is an end.

A genius like Thomas Aquinas was not canonized because of his scholarship. He was canonized because he was a humble, faithful, obedient and virtuous friar. It was his love of God and neighbor that made him a saint. His theology helped him explain love, God and neighbor. But it did not help him love. That was a choice that he had to make.

The opposite side of that coin would be Luther. He too was a brilliant theologian and scholar. But he was filled with scruples, anger, despair, and mistrust. A lot of good his knowledge did for him. He just ended up in trouble.

There are three different things: Theology, Religious Education and Faith.

Theology is faith seeking understanding or as Pope Benedict says, faith informing reason.

Religious Education is learning what the Church believes and teaches. It does not aspire to go into the depths of theology.

Faith is the one that makes saints.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
 
  1. Reformulation: 1+1+1+1=4 to 1+3=4
  2. Change in Truth(Dogma): 1+1+1+1=5
  3. Reformulation with a Change in Truth(Dogma) 1+1+1+1 =4 to 1+3=5
The Church does #1 upon occasion but never 2 or 3.
 
Agreed.

I’m not sure what you mean with moderation. The Catholic Church is famous for education and for having the most educated members in the world, lay, religious and clergy. It has produced not only great works in theology, but also science, mathematics, art, music, literature, law, agriculture and political science.

You have Franciscans like Copernicus, Roger Bacon, Dante, Thomas More and Maximilian Kolbe who were geniuses.

There are the great Carmelite scholars like Brother Lawrence, Teresa of Avila, John of the Cross, Therese of Lieseaux, Edith Stein

The Dominicans and Jesuits have produced more scientists, mathematicians and scholars than we can count.

We have operated the best centers of learning in the Western World and made great contributions to knowledge. Even today, the Catholic Church spends billions of dollar a year to operate the world’s largest and most advanced astonomical observatories in Europe and the USA. They are totally owned by the Vatican. Neither the USA nor the European Union have any money involved. But every scholar of physics, astronomy and other sciences related to the origins of the universe has access to these facilities and techonology.

We run the mos expensive and expansive network of universities. These are the Pontifical Universities, which are different from the Catholic colleges and universities run by religious communities or lay groups. The Pontifical Universities are chartered directly by the Vatican’s commission on Education and they provide education in every area from journalism to theology. There are several hundred of them. There are more pontifical universities than state universities in the USA. They surely have less students, because they’re smaller. But they’re scattered around the world. We have three in the USA.

Having said that, I certainly agree that scholarship does not translate into sanctity. Scholarship is a means. Sanctity is an end.

A genius like Thomas Aquinas was not canonized because of his scholarship. He was canonized because he was a humble, faithful, obedient and virtuous friar. It was his love of God and neighbor that made him a saint. His theology helped him explain love, God and neighbor. But it did not help him love. That was a choice that he had to make.

The opposite side of that coin would be Luther. He too was a brilliant theologian and scholar. But he was filled with scruples, anger, despair, and mistrust. A lot of good his knowledge did for him. He just ended up in trouble.

There are three different things: Theology, Religious Education and Faith.

Theology is faith seeking understanding or as Pope Benedict says, faith informing reason.

Religious Education is learning what the Church believes and teaches. It does not aspire to go into the depths of theology.

Faith is the one that makes saints.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
Given what you have said…

When the CCC was first released, it showed up in Walmart in paperback and there were pyramids (hunreds of copies) of books offered to the general public. It seems to me that the books should have had some sort of warning label on them as potentially harmful and confusing to anyone other than those for whom it was intended: the bishops!
I have learned quite a lot from this entire thread of conversation and now realize what the true challenge of the CCC really is!
 
…Education is not a bad thing, in moderation (like all else), but is no easy substitute for Faith.
I’m not sure what you mean with moderation. The Catholic Church is famous for education and for having the most educated members in the world, lay, religious and clergy. It has produced not only great works in theology, but also science, mathematics, art, music, literature, law, agriculture and political science…
I think that probably he was implying that we cannot compromise other critical things in the name of education and that we cannot use education to justify intellectual impropriety.

That is for example the case of some theologians that could use their education and logic to make statements that while appearing correct and convoluted they end up being in conflict with some basic tenets of our faith.

Just look at how so many educated Catholics disagree with the Church because of scientism.
 
Given what you have said…

When the CCC was first released, it showed up in Walmart in paperback and there were pyramids (hunreds of copies) of books offered to the general public. It seems to me that the books should have had some sort of warning label on them as potentially harmful and confusing to anyone other than those for whom it was intended: the bishops!
I have learned quite a lot from this entire thread of conversation and now realize what the true challenge of the CCC really is!
WalMart is going to put warning labels only when mandated by law or when the financial liability is higher than the project revenues. Neither cases would apply to the CCC. 😃
 
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