No. The point is that new wine is expansive and big and bubbly with fermentation, so it will split an old wineskin open like an overstressed balloon. Jesus is the new wine and the leaven fermenting it, even at that moment doing something new in the world. It would be inappropriate to pour Himself and His teachings into the same ol’ same ol’ forms of fasting, penitence, ritual cleanliness, etc., because He’s busy doing something else; and therefore, He won’t make His disciples do that stuff either.
However, He does point out that His disciples will fast when He’s gone. At that point, what’s He’s come to do will be done and the first period of new wine fermentation (so to speak) will be over, so it will be safe to pour the somewhat older wine into that particular old wineskin of fasting. Then they will drink His new wine as safe old vintage wine, and be content. The disciples’ actions will not be so confusing to them anymore.
But it’s all about the rationale of His teaching and whether His followers should fast, and not at all about Judaism or the Pharisees (except insofar as God obviously instituted both fasting and eating, so it’s all His wineskins to play with).