I am curious to know the reasons and origins for this practise.I’ve heard it’s because traditionally Catholic’s were’nt allowed to eat “red meat” on friday’s.I wondering though whether other kind’s of seafood such as shrimp,clams,squid etc can be used to substitue when there is no fish.Was this a practise discontinued after Vatican Council II or something to that effect?.Thank you very much so for your answers.
I’m not sure why, but many people tend to confuse “abstaining from meat” with some sort of “mandate to eat fish.” Catholics have never been mandated to eat fish on Fridays or any other day. However, the obligation to abstain from meat has a deep historical tradition to it.
The most recent Code of Canon Law (1983) maintains this tradition of abstaining from meat on Friday. See
canons 1249-1253 for more details.
Abstinence from meat on every Friday is still the universal norm. However, you’ll notice that canon 1253 allows for local conferences of bishops to make substitutions, which most of the major episcopal conferences have done, including the one in the United States (the USCCB). You can see this in their November 1966
Pastoral Statement on Penance and Abstinence (which the 1983 Code of Canon Law has not abrogated). In this document, the U.S. bishops say that abstinence from meat is obligatory on Ash Wednesday, Good Friday, and all Fridays during Lent, but on Fridays
outside of Lent, each individual may substitute some other suitable form of penance.
Now, abstinence from meat
can mean eating fish or other seafood, but it certainly isn’t obligatory. All it means is not eating flesh meat (which is generally that which comes from warm-blooded animals). Neither my wife nor I are particularly fond of seafood. We tend to go with things like cheese pizza or waffles or something like that. Some people fast on bread and water (though I would only recommend doing that under the supervision of a spiritual director and probably a doctor). But regardless, no fish is required.
