Capital punishment...again

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The Christian faith is a revealed religion. It is based on the revelation from Jesus Christ. That religion was taught to the apostles who handed it down. So having the same doctrine from then until now is essential. Otherwise it is just an invented religion. Otherwise it is just a philosophy following the latest fads.
 
assertions are not all that convincing
If you truly believe that @Don_Ruggero’s definitive responses to you are “assertions,” then there is no meaningful conversation I can have with you.

The very first thing you need to do is open your mind to the possibility that you might be wrong. About everything. Hubris is a cancer that destroys intellectualism.
 
It is one thing for a doctrine to develop, but quite another for a doctrine unchanged for two millennia to be reversed.
But by the time of the CCC’s publication in the 1990s, the death penalty was inadmissable in almost every situation. It is hardly a 180 degree reversal to the new CCC 2267…

to quote the old 2267

**[2267] Assuming that the guilty party’s identity and responsibility have been fully determined, the traditional teaching of the Church does not exclude recourse to the death penalty, if this is the only possible way of effectively defending human lives against the unjust aggressor.

If, however, non-lethal means are sufficient to defend and protect people’s safety from the aggressor, authority will limit itself to such means, as these are more in keeping with the concrete conditions of the common good and more in conformity to the dignity of the human person.


Today, in fact, as a consequence of the possibilities which the state has for effectively preventing crime, by rendering one who has committed an offense incapable of doing harm - without definitely taking away from him the possibility of redeeming himself - the cases in which the execution of the offender is an absolute necessity "are very rare, if not practically nonexistent."68
 
If you truly believe that @Don_Ruggero’s definitive responses to you are “assertions,” then there is no meaningful conversation I can have with you.

The very first thing you need to do is open your mind to the possibility that you might be wrong. About everything. Hubris is a cancer that destroys intellectualism.
I clearly do not consider his responses dispositive, and have cited a number of serious rebuttals to his position that I think make a much more convincing argument. I am prepared to debate the point with anyone who is willing to debate it, but if I’m wrong then someone should be able to attack my arguments with more than “I’m right, you’re wrong, discussion is not allowed.”
 
If you truly believe that @Don_Ruggero’s definitive responses to you are “assertions,” then there is no meaningful conversation I can have with you.

The very first thing you need to do is open your mind to the possibility that you might be wrong. About everything. Hubris is a cancer that destroys intellectualism.
That is beautifully said, @billsherman.

The user, Ender, is in open and public dissent from the Papal Magisterium – and is using this forum to spread dissent.

His duty is to submit to the authority of the Magisterium
 
and have cited a number of serious rebuttals to his position that I think make a much more convincing argument.
No, they really do not make a more convincing argument. Sorry. To me it seems more like a morbid attachment to a brutal practice that is not needed in the modern era.
 
But by the time of the CCC’s publication in the 1990s, the death penalty was inadmissable in almost every situation. It is hardly a 180 degree reversal to the new CCC 2267…
The key question here seems to be “What makes the death penalty inadmissible?” That it was a prudential judgment (in 1997) and not an intrinsic evil seems clearly demonstrated in that there were in fact cases in which its use was seen as acceptable, however rare. The church has always recognized that there could be situations where the death penalty was legitimately held to be unwise and harmful. The 1997 version was not a rupture with the past when seen in that light.

If, however, we are now to view capital punishment as morally impermissible in every case then this is a complete reversal of a doctrine taught unchanged since the beginning of the church.
to quote the old 2267…
You should recognize that the “old” version only dates back to 1997. Even the 1992 edition didn’t have the restriction it contained, and that pretty much every catechism (I’ve seen about six) going back to the Catechism of St. Thomas in the 1200’s accepted the moral legitimacy of capital punishment.

If we are to accept that capital punishment is now morally illegitimate (for other than prudential reasons) then it would be a reversal of that doctrine.
 
The user, Ender, is in open and public dissent from the Papal Magisterium – and is using this forum to spread dissent.

His duty is to submit to the authority of the Magisterium
I absolutely do have a duty to submit to the authority of the Magisterium. I do not, however, have any obligation to assent to your understanding of the situation.
 
There is a difference between a development and an a change. It has been the position of the Church that government had the right to protect their citizens and that right included the death penalty. It was their decision. Now it is no longer their decision but under no circumstance is it allowable. The reasoning is unsound in my opinion. You ask why? I will tell you this is the first time that such a complete change has been made in a dogma. You can assure me but that doesn’t make it a fact or the truth. If the faith is changing it cannot come from God who is unchangeable. You cannot dispute Enders facts he is right.
 
Might you consider that you are wrong. It is easy to walk away from a conversation by claiming to not to be able to have a meaningful conversation because you believe that the response was definitive from someone else. I hope and pray that it is not definitive. I must also say that open mindedness is not Ender’s problem. It may be others but not him.
 
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@Don_Ruggero the church has for centuries fought for abolition.

Pope Francis told us to read '‘I promessi sposi’ with no surprise: Fra Cristoforo was the son of a wealthy family, and joined the Capuchin Order after killing a man.

The death penalty was for centuries mostly commuted to Exhile or indentured servitude.

The abolition of slavery took precedence (in intellectual/literary production) - its magnitude in the order of millions. (A social/political process that took centuries.)

Where the church held influence the death sentence was opposed to what extent possible, a missionary from Tuscany (abolished the death-sentence in 1786) wrote:
Information about the kingdom of Congo by Fr.Raimundo Dicomano (1798)

(…)the catholic religion flourished in Congo since 1492
(…)the elected king of Congo can’t exercise his powers unless he is crowned by a priest
(…)in the kingdom of Congo there is no death penalty, except for sorcery
Pope Francis changed the catechism in 2018, precisely 300 years after the apparitions of Our Lady of Laus, that began with Saint Maurice.
 
The death penalty was for centuries mostly commuted to Exhile or indentured servitude.
So which is more immoral executing a criminal or enslaving him? Shouldn’t we be just as outraged that criminals were enslaved or exiled, where they were cut off from things like Sacraments, and social welfare? Those people back then were apparently very immoral. We shouldn’t look to them as guides.
 
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Emeraldlady:
In other words, sentences must be imposed based on what serves the common good. We look to the society to determine the harm and the appropriate redress.
I have agreed with this several times and addressed the concept of a just punishment quite specifically in post #349. Let me know if you take exception to anything I said there. I addressed it again in #389 in the context of comments from Pope Leo XIII.
If I’ve got the post number correct this is #349.
I think there are only two criteria that determine whether a punishment is just:
  • its severity is commensurate with the severity of the crime, and
  • use of the punishment does not introduce other harm to society
As for the first, if capital punishment was ever just then it can only be because death is a commensurate punishment for (at least) the crime of murder, and this relationship can never change since the severity of neither the crime nor the punishment can ever change. As for the second, this is a prudential judgment (as I have always recognized) that is the responsibility of the government to make based on its own evaluation of the impact of the punishment.
So which is it? Is the punishment of execution for murder fixed outside the common good and can never change. Or are all punishments including execution, determined by the State as the caretaker of the common good?

Where did the Church ever teach the first of your ‘criterior’?
 
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adgloriam:
The death penalty was for centuries mostly commuted to Exhile or indentured servitude.
So which is more immoral executing a criminal (…)?
From the 1610s until early in the American Revolution in 1776. England transported its convicts and political prisoners, as well as prisoners of war from Scotland, Ireland, to its overseas colonies in the Americas.

From 1787 to 1868, transportation resumed on a large scale to Australia.

Between 1788 and 1868, about 162,000 convicts were transported by the British government to various penal colonies in Australia.


 
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I’m a professor who studies the historical Jesus and early Christianity, and I can assure you that doctrine has always changed.
I don’t know you. I don’t know if you would lie to me. I don’t know if you have knowledge, I can’t check you out. However Warren H. Carroll I know wouldn’t lie, has knowledge and I can check him out. He said that one of the reasons he converted was that there was never a change to a dogma, development yes change no. He was a leading historian. His history series is terrific. The notes and documentation is a book unto themselves. Your assurances mean nothing compared to his well documented history that they have never changed.
 
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billsherman:
I’m a professor who studies the historical Jesus and early Christianity, and I can assure you that doctrine has always changed.
I don’t know you. I don’t know if you would lie to me. I don’t know if you have knowledge, I can’t check you out. However Warren H. Carroll I know wouldn’t lie, has knowledge and I can check him out. He said that one of the reasons he converted was that there was never a change to a dogma, development yes change no. He was a leading historian. His history series is terrific. The notes and documentation is a book unto themselves. Your assurances mean nothing compared to his well documented history that they have never changed.
Any change is not in the fundamentals of the doctrine that capital punishment serves. The change only reflects the practice of capital punishment as doing more harm than good today, rather than serving the dignity of man. The Church is not instituting this change since this has been happening in States across the world for more than a century now. The Church is correcting the false assertions by US Catholics that capital punishment was a ‘divine command’ and a default sentence. That was never taught by the Church in its history.
 
The Church is correcting the false assertions by US Catholics that capital punishment was a ‘divine command’ and a default sentence. That was never taught by the Church in its history.
Would you please document That US Catholic asserted that capital punishment was a divine command and a default sentence. Never have I seen such a claim. What has been asserted as stated in the Catholic Encyclopedia- The infliction of capital punishment is not contrary to the teaching of the
Catholic Church, and the power of the State to visit upon culprits the penalty of death derives much authority from revelation and from the writings of theologians.
Even that Catechism talks about the “traditional teaching” I have no idea why you state that the Church is not making this change. What the secular world does has no impact on our teachings. That Church is suppose to teach truth not what is currently popular .
 
@Emeraldlady

Just a brief note before I stop participating in this thread.

Neither modern historians nor modern jurists know what ‘capital punishment’ exactly means in canons of law from the 14th century forward.
The formulas were basically 3: “die for this”, “die for that”, “die of natural death”.

As to the meaning of the expressions “die for this”, “die for that”, there’s a long debate in juridical circles as to their meaning. All agree to a certain consensus that they don’t mean natural death, except in a few specific cases.

Assuming “die for this” invariably means “social death”, some understand it as ‘exile for 10 years’; others as, ‘lifelong exile’, and there are those who maintain ‘wherever the law speak of capital punishment, it doesn’t mean natural death but exile (degredo)’.
 
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