Catholic and Orthodox views on marriage

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When have I ever said they should be a cause for seperation? In fact, I said just the opposite in the ongoing reunification poll-thread. šŸ™‚

I’m simply saying that the practice can’t be morally justified, and that it goes against the very clear words of God on the matter.

Peace and God bless!
So you think the Church condoned things that clearly violate the word of God?

In Christ
Joe
 
Source: 2005 Catholic Almanac

Annulment statistics for 2002

(the most recent year figures are available)

– Annulment hearings, worldwide: 56,246

– Annulments granted, worldwide: 46,092

Annulments by continent:

-Africa: 343

-Oceania: 676

-Asia: 1,562

-Europe: 8,855

-North America: 30,968

-South and Central America: 5,688

Source: Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts

Woodeene Koenig-Bricker writes from Oregon. Copyright 3/6/2005 Our Sunday Visitor.
osv.com/OSV4MeNav/WhattheChurchTeaches/WTCTAnnulments/WhattheChurchTeachesTheDignityofMarriage/tabid/387/Default.aspx
Well in the Philippines which is mostly Roman Catholic, most of those who separate just separate. No legal action (divorce is not legal but there are legal annulments), no Church annulments. They just part ways and find other partners and just live with those other partners. In a way I would applaud more those who actually get annulments than those who don’t and do what I described. At least they show that they care about recognition of their marriage by the Church, and that they have access to the Eucharist.
 
So you think the Church condoned things that clearly violate the word of God?

In Christ
Joe
The Church as a whole, no. People within the Church, certainly.

Just as great Saints supported Origenism, which we both condemn, they’ve also supported things that you as an Eastern Orthodox would likely condemn, such as the Filioque (St. Gregory of Nyssa), Papalism (St. Maximos the Confessor), and the selling of Absolution. This latter practice was solely Eastern Orthodox, and despite the misunderstanding of the link in question, was never practiced by the Latins and is not the same as Indulgences.

So yes, I have no illusions about evil actions being taken on the best of intentions, especially by people within the Church.

Peace and God bless!
 
Dear brother Josephdaniel,
The Canons of St Basil, which prescribed penances divorce and remarriage, were formally received into the canonical literature of the Eastern Church at the Quinisext Council in 692 (over 300 years prior to the schism). Those canons had been part of the tradition of the East for centuries prior to that.
I’ve never understood why St. Basil is often used to support the principle of second marriage while the other spouse is still alive.

The closest thing I can find that aparently supports this is Canon 9. Here, St. Basil states that Jesus permitted divorce in case of fornication. But St. Basil does not say that Jesus permitted either spouse to remarry. He states that if the husband commits fornication, it is insufficent reason for the wife to divorce him. If the wife does divorce him, and the man marries another woman, that latter woman is herself guilty of adultery! According to Canon 37, the one who marries the wife who has left her husband is also guilty of adultery! So adultery or fornication, according to St. Basil, does not break the marriage bond.

Blessings,
Marduk
 
Dear brother Josephdaniel,

I’ve never understood why St. Basil is often used to support the principle of second marriage while the other spouse is still alive.

The closest thing I can find that aparently supports this is Canon 9. Here, St. Basil states that Jesus permitted divorce in case of fornication. But St. Basil does not say that Jesus permitted either spouse to remarry. He states that if the husband commits fornication, it is insufficent reason for the wife to divorce him. If the wife does divorce him, and the man marries another woman, that latter woman is herself guilty of adultery! According to Canon 37, the one who marries the wife who has left her husband is also guilty of adultery! So adultery or fornication, according to St. Basil, does not break the marriage bond.

Blessings,
Marduk
Got to go to work but here is the canon in question.

Canon LXXVII

He that divorces his wife, and marries another, is an adulterer; and according to the canons of the Fathers, he shall be a mourner one year, a hearer two years, a prostrator three years, a co-stander one year, if they repent with tears.

Link
 
Got to go to work but here is the canon in question.

Canon LXXVII

He that divorces his wife, and marries another, is an adulterer; and according to the canons of the Fathers, he shall be a mourner one year, a hearer two years, a prostrator three years, a co-stander one year, if they repent with tears.

Link
That Canon doesn’t say that they new couple can remain together. For example, a following Canon says this:
Canon LXXX.

The Fathers say nothing of polygamy as being beastly, and a thing unagreeable to human nature. To us it appears a greater sin than fornication: Let therefore such [as are guilty of it] be liable to the canons, viz.: after they have been mourners one year—let them be prostrators three years—and then be received,
Does this imply that polygamy is accepted after the penance? In fact, a later Canon, which seems to refer to the whole list, says this:
Canon LXXXIV.
We do not judge altogether by the length of time, but by the circumstances of the penance. If any will not be drawn from their carnal pleasures, and choose to serve them rather than the Lord, we have no communication with them.
So the implication seems to be that the foregoing penances assume that the people turn away from the lifestyle that got them into trouble in the first place, and if they don’t turn away they are excommunicated. There doesn’t seem to be any ground for allowing continued adultery in remarriage, for example.

Peace and God bless!
 
I guess the difference here is that the Roman Church is very legalistic, and everything is written down in Canon Law or other ā€œlegalā€ documents. And where you have legal documents, you have hordes of lawyers trying to find loopholes. Whereas in the East where its much less legalistic, there are not the same amount of documents to analyze and over analyze, or that things written down aren’t necessarilyl seen as legal the way it is in the West.
Very true!
 
…I’m simply saying that the practice can’t be morally justified, and that it goes against the very clear words of God on the matter…
St Basil morally justified it to the extent that to would be immoral to not allow it is certain cases. He re-affirmed the practice that had preseeded him with regard to a 2nd marriage and established the economy for a 3rd marriage. To disagree with such a major Church Father on the basis of a private interpretation of scripture is much the same as what Protestants do.
 
That Canon doesn’t say that they new couple can remain together … the implication seems to be that the foregoing penances assume that the people turn away from the lifestyle that got them into trouble in the first place, and if they don’t turn away they are excommunicated. There doesn’t seem to be any ground for allowing continued adultery in remarriage, for example.
šŸ‘ Thanks for providing a broader context of these canons. They really don’t seem to be saying what people commonly allege.

Another common problem is to assume that the church was somehow involved in conducts econd marriages. That involvement did not begin for centuries after St Basil. With repentance St. Basil would allow those who had contracted civil marriage after a divorce to return to communion. But there was no such thing as a second marriage ceremony in his church.

… over the years, down the slippery slope to a practice that is very far removed from that of the fathers.
 
St Basil morally justified it to the extent that to would be immoral to not allow it is certain cases. He re-affirmed the practice that had preseeded him with regard to a 2nd marriage and established the economy for a 3rd marriage. To disagree with such a major Church Father on the basis of a private interpretation of scripture is much the same as what Protestants do.
He was speaking of remarriage after the death of the spouse, or possibly after divorce because of fornication, not after divorce in general. Furthermore, he doesn’t say that it’s ok to marry a second and third time, but rather details the penances attached to such action; he also details the penances attached to murder, so are we to suppose that he allowed for murder? It is just as likely that he’s referring to those who have turned away from those marriages, and the penances that remain afterwards.

In fact, St. Basil spoke against remarriage after divorce. I was doing some reading of St. Basil’s letters today, and came across this:
But if a man who separates from his wife goes to another woman, he is himself an adulterer, because he has made her commit adultery, and the woman cohabiting with him is an adulteress because she has taken another’s husband to herself.
and this:
A woman who has been abandoned by her husband ought, in my opinion, remain alone. For when the Lord says, ā€œif anyone dismisses his wife, except on account of adultery, he causes her to commit adultery,ā€ by her being named an adulteress she is barred from union with another. For how were it possible for the man to be responsible, as the case of adultery, and the woman be blameless, whom the Lord calls an adulteress because of her intercourse with another man?
These are from St. Basil letters to Bp. Amphilocius of Iconium, and it is from these letters that the aforementioned Canons are drawn. These (and several more pertinant citations that I didn’t have time to type up) can be found in the second volume of Jurgen’s ā€œThe Faith of the Early Fathersā€.

Since these represent the actual text of the letters that became the foundation of the Canon’s we’ve been speaking of, I think it’s fair to say that these represent the actual sentiment of St. Basil regarding divorce and remarriage.

And, as a parting shot, here’s Canon 9 from the letters in question (emphasis mine):
Canon IX. Our Lord is equal, to the man and woman forbidding divorce, save in case of fornication; but custom requires women to retain their husbands, though they be guilty of fornication. The man deserted by his wife may take another, and though he were deserted for adultery, yet St. Basil will be positive, thatthe other woman who afterward takes him is guilty of adultery; but the wife is not allowed this liberty. And the man who deserts an innocent wife is not allowed to marry.
So, again, apart from adultery there are no grounds for divorce and remarriage.

Peace and God bless!
 
Canon IX seems to allow man to re-marry if deserted, while disallowing it to the wife if she is deserted. Interesting how it’s not just a matter of guilt/innocence but also the sex of the spouse that determines whether that spouse can re-marry in the situation of desertion.
 
Canon IX seems to allow man to re-marry if deserted, while disallowing it to the wife if she is deserted. Interesting how it’s not just a matter of guilt/innocence but also the sex of the spouse that determines whether that spouse can re-marry in the situation of desertion.
Interestingly, St. Basil mentions this in his actual letter. He says (copying from the aforementioned Jurgens work):
ā€œThe Lord’s declaration about the prohibition of departing from a marriage except for the reason of fornication, consistent with its meaning, applies equally to men and to women. Yet, such is not the practice; on the contrary we find a greater strictness in regard to women.ā€
It seems St. Basil was simply relating the common practice, while acknowledging that it didn’t seem to fit.

BTW, I apologize for not addressing your previous post sooner.

First off, thank you for understanding that my concerns are not based on an attempt to attack Eastern Orthodox practice; I really am just concerned with upholding God’s commandments, and I’ll try to correct any tradition that deviates (hence I also speak against the ā€œExtreme Ultra-Montanistsā€ within my own Communion).

As for the strictness of the Law versus Mercy, I don’t see them as being opposed in this case. Saying that marrying another is adultery is not the same as being strict, and claiming that it is not adultery is not the same as Mercy. Recognizing sin as sin is the first step for mercy; denying that sin is sin also denies mercy because it denies repentance. Saying that someone can live in sin (as the Lord calls it), and even blessing such an arrangement, prevents them from actually receiving the Mercy that God intends for those who turn away from sin and repent; how can someone receive God’s Mercy for sin when they don’t even repent of their sins?

When we say ā€œyou are too weak to follow God’s direction in this, so continue as you areā€, we are denying these people the Grace that Christ has promised them in turning to Him for the strength that we do not possess. Likewise, when we lay additional burdens (beyond what God has directed) we may be building up the strong through exercise, but we are crushing the weak. God has given the Church permission to lay additional burdens on people for their growth and spiritual development (such as fasting and other penances or prayers), but we must always be mindful to untie those burdens when they become too much. This doesn’t give us the right, however, to deny people repentence and Mercy by denying that their sins are sins, as God has declared them.

God can, and will, forgive any sin, but not the unrepented ones. We don’t do people any service by covering for their sins, but we should address them with compassion and Love.

Peace and God bless!
 
Canon IX seems to allow man to re-marry if deserted, while disallowing it to the wife if she is deserted. Interesting how it’s not just a matter of guilt/innocence but also the sex of the spouse that determines whether that spouse can re-marry in the situation of desertion.
But the woman who marries the deserted man is guilty of adultery! You are right, the canons are rather biased against women. In another canon (I forget which one), St. Basil admits that he does not know of a canon which would treat the man as an adulterer. But I think it’s obvious that by divine law, the man actually is an adulterer.

This fact would be supported by the very nature of second marriages as penitential.

Blessings,
Marduk
 
But the woman who marries the deserted man is guilty of adultery! You are right, the canons are rather biased against women. In another canon (I forget which one), St. Basil admits that he does not know of a canon which would treat the man as an adulterer. But I think it’s obvious that by divine law, the man actually is an adulterer.

This fact would be supported by the very nature of second marriages as penitential.

Blessings,
Marduk
It seems odd to me that ā€œSt. Basil admits that he does not know of a canon which would treat the man as an adulterer,ā€ in light of Mark 10:11-12 (Rheims-Challoner):

[11] And he saith to them: Whosoever shall put away his wife and marry another, committeth adultery against her. [12] And if the wife shall put away her husband, and be married to another, she committeth adultery.

Could that be a confirmation that the canons, of that time, did not literally follow the intent of the Gospel?
 
Interestingly, St. Basil mentions this in his actual letter. He says (copying from the aforementioned Jurgens work):

It seems St. Basil was simply relating the common practice, while acknowledging that it didn’t seem to fit.

BTW, I apologize for not addressing your previous post sooner.

First off, thank you for understanding that my concerns are not based on an attempt to attack Eastern Orthodox practice; I really am just concerned with upholding God’s commandments, and I’ll try to correct any tradition that deviates (hence I also speak against the ā€œExtreme Ultra-Montanistsā€ within my own Communion).

As for the strictness of the Law versus Mercy, I don’t see them as being opposed in this case. Saying that marrying another is adultery is not the same as being strict, and claiming that it is not adultery is not the same as Mercy. Recognizing sin as sin is the first step for mercy; denying that sin is sin also denies mercy because it denies repentance. Saying that someone can live in sin (as the Lord calls it), and even blessing such an arrangement, prevents them from actually receiving the Mercy that God intends for those who turn away from sin and repent; how can someone receive God’s Mercy for sin when they don’t even repent of their sins?

When we say ā€œyou are too weak to follow God’s direction in this, so continue as you areā€, we are denying these people the Grace that Christ has promised them in turning to Him for the strength that we do not possess. Likewise, when we lay additional burdens (beyond what God has directed) we may be building up the strong through exercise, but we are crushing the weak. God has given the Church permission to lay additional burdens on people for their growth and spiritual development (such as fasting and other penances or prayers), but we must always be mindful to untie those burdens when they become too much. This doesn’t give us the right, however, to deny people repentence and Mercy by denying that their sins are sins, as God has declared them.

God can, and will, forgive any sin, but not the unrepented ones. We don’t do people any service by covering for their sins, but we should address them with compassion and Love.

Peace and God bless!
Thank you for your response. I think I can follow your logic. I’m just trying to picture how this would work out in pastoral situations.

It seems to me that divorced Catholics who re-marry must not only repent of their re-marrying but also essentially end their present union. When man and woman alone are involved, it can be traumatic enough a change; when children are included, the effects extend beyond the parents to them. I imagine it can be a huge burden, not only for the parents to live as ā€œbrother as sisterā€, but to do so while living in the same household as their young children.

I know a number of early Christians decided to live as brother and sister with their spouses; in their case, it was mutually voluntary (or at least apparently so); but it seems to me that in the case of re-married Catholics they have to live as brother and sister or remain outside the grace of the Church. I suppose something similiar might be said of homosexual unions (they must live as ā€œbrother and brotherā€ it may be said), so I don’t think the requirement is absolutely wrong-minded, although I think there are major differences between this and the situation that many re-married Catholics find themselves.
 
Furthermore, he doesn’t say that it’s ok to marry a second and third time, but rather details the penances attached to such action; he also details the penances attached to murder, so are we to suppose that he allowed for murder?
Of estranged spouses, of course!

(jk, though it certainly would clear the path for re-marriage :)).
 
Thank you for your response. I think I can follow your logic. I’m just trying to picture how this would work out in pastoral situations.

It seems to me that divorced Catholics who re-marry must not only repent of their re-marrying but also essentially end their present union. When man and woman alone are involved, it can be traumatic enough a change; when children are included, the effects extend beyond the parents to them. I imagine it can be a huge burden, not only for the parents to live as ā€œbrother as sisterā€, but to do so while living in the same household as their young children.
Really? How often do you think married people with children come together (ummm - without the aid of pills :D). I can’t speak for your experience, but in my circle of married friends, we men are thankful if we have sex maybe once every two weeks! Please, nobody laugh!😃
I know a number of early Christians decided to live as brother and sister with their spouses; in their case, it was mutually voluntary (or at least apparently so); but it seems to me that in the case of re-married Catholics they have to live as brother and sister or remain outside the grace of the Church. I suppose something similiar might be said of homosexual unions (they must live as ā€œbrother and brotherā€ it may be said), so I don’t think the requirement is absolutely wrong-minded, although I think there are major differences between this and the situation that many re-married Catholics find themselves.
Is it so impossible to imagine a situation where a man and woman - faithful Catholics - try to live by Grace as brother and sister knowing that their marriage is not valid? If they fail, they avail themselves of the mercy of God at confession.

I have some sympathy for the Orthodox position, but I can’t help but feel that sometimes the Orthodox rationale is nothing more than making the Sacrament an excuse to satisfy lust.

Blessings
 
šŸ‘ Thanks for providing a broader context of these canons. They really don’t seem to be saying what people commonly allege.

Another common problem is to assume that the church was somehow involved in conducts econd marriages. That involvement did not begin for centuries after St Basil. With repentance St. Basil would allow those who had contracted civil marriage after a divorce to return to communion. But there was no such thing as a second marriage ceremony in his church.

… over the years, down the slippery slope to a practice that is very far removed from that of the fathers.
Absolutely not true! Just like the Roman creed attributed to St Athanasius Archbishop of Alexandria was only attributed to him to make it sound orthodox, when in fact he never had anything to do with its writing, so now it seems the Roman practice (unique to Rome alone!) of refusing to commune with those who have been twice married is beginning to be falsely attributed to St Basil. This is nothing less than courting separation for the Church.
…As for the strictness of the Law versus Mercy, I don’t see them as being opposed in this case. Saying that marrying another is adultery…
Dear [user]Ghosty[/user]

I see that you already brought up the issue of strictness vs Mercy almost as if you anticipated it as a response. Therefore, I’m sure you already know the answer to this matter. The quotes of St Basil that you gave are taken out of context. St Basil always said things like ā€˜such and such is better if not done’, and then added, ā€˜nevertheless to avoid a greater sin we should pass over judgment in these matters’. A second marriage is my no means ā€˜a better thing’, but just like St Paul said with regard to no marriage at all vs a first marriage, ā€œSo then both he who gives his own virgin daughter in marriage does well, and he who does not give her in marriage will do better.ā€ (1 Corinthians 7:38) The same principle applies with regard to a first marriage vs a second marriage. In quoting this scripture I am not giving my personal interpretation, because not only did St Basil (the greatest of all the Church Fathers) use this verse in exactly this way but so have several other Eastern Fathers of the Church. So I, like you, in anticipation of your response, will say that it is the Church Fathers you will be disagreeing with, not the nobody that I am.

BTW, I do apologize for the ā€œProtestantā€ comment I made earlier, I surely broke the spirit of the rules of this forum by saying that the way I did. Forgive me please.

Peace in Christ!
 
Absolutely not true! Just like the Roman creed attributed to St Athanasius Archbishop of Alexandria was only attributed to him to make it sound orthodox, when in fact he never had anything to do with its writing, so now it seems the Roman practice (unique to Rome alone!) of refusing to commune with those who have been twice married is beginning to be falsely attributed to St Basil. This is nothing less than courting separation for the Church.

Dear [user]Ghosty[/user]

I see that you already brought up the issue of strictness vs Mercy almost as if you anticipated it as a response. Therefore, I’m sure you already know the answer to this matter. The quotes of St Basil that you gave are taken out of context. St Basil always said things like ā€˜such and such is better if not done’, and then added, ā€˜nevertheless to avoid a greater sin we should pass over judgment in these matters’. A second marriage is my no means ā€˜a better thing’, but just like St Paul said with regard to no marriage at all vs a first marriage, ā€œSo then both he who gives his own virgin daughter in marriage does well, and he who does not give her in marriage will do better.ā€ (1 Corinthians 7:38) The same principle applies with regard to a first marriage vs a second marriage. In quoting this scripture I am not giving my personal interpretation, because not only did St Basil (the greatest of all the Church Fathers) use this verse in exactly this way but so have several other Eastern Fathers of the Church. So I, like you, in anticipation of your response, will say that it is the Church Fathers you will be disagreeing with, not the nobody that I am.

BTW, I do apologize for the ā€œProtestantā€ comment I made earlier, I surely broke the spirit of the rules of this forum by saying that the way I did. Forgive me please.

Peace in Christ!
Show us some quotes of St. Basil where he makes the allowances you are saying he does, because I’m just not finding them. I even cited the Canon that says that those who don’t turn away from their activities are to be excommunicated.

We’re dealing with actual text and citations here, not mere assertion. If you have alternative evidence, please share it so we can all grow in our understanding.

Peace and God bless!
 
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