As others have pointed out, the term “Catholic college” has little meaning in many (if not most) institutions. They may have been founded by Catholics and retained the title of “Catholic” out of a sense of tradition (and they may even have a monastery or convent on-campus), but that doesn’t reflect the way the educate their students.
I know there are more, but here a few that truly teach Catholicism. They would not have speakers invited that would promote morals or teachings that Catholics should not adhere to.
Christendom College
Acquinas College
Steubenville
I don’t have any direct experience with the colleges listed above, so I’ll defer to the recommendations of others. If you’re going for a theology degree, you might want to check them out.
One recommendation… I’d focus more on the program of study itself and the background of the people teaching them more than the college’s reputation as a whole. Different colleges have different strengths and “flavors” to their degree programs, and just because one program of study within a college has a particular strength/weakness doesn’t mean that it is like that across the board. For example, William & Mary offers many degrees, but is primarily known for their law and public administration programs – I hear that some of their other degree programs are rather “weak”. UC Berkley, while having a reputation as an “ultra-liberal” school, has a strong & no-nonsense (i.e. no neo-hippies) engineering college.
Last word of advice: don’t limit your search to “Catholic schools”. I’m sure others on CAF would disagree, but you can get just as good an education from a secular college as you can a Catholic college. If you do indeed go in to the priesthood, you’re going to be expected to understand the belief systems others (note I said “understand”, not “subscribe to”), and going to a secular college would definitely expose you to that in ways you are unlikely to find in a primarily-Catholic school. In short, don’t close your mind to any opportunity – God can “work” through a secular school just as easily as He can a Catholic school.
BTW, it’s great to hear that you’re discerning the priesthood. Good luck on your journey!
God bless,
Dean