Church Fathers on the Eucharist

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My one Protestant friend claims that the Early Church’s thoughts on Real Presence in the Eucharist are not as unanimous as Catholics like to think they are.

justforcatholics.org/a179.htm

Anything I could say in response to him?
 
This is somewhat humorous… The bottom line of the article concerning the Church Father’s opinion on the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist is that “Some agreed with the Catholic Church (which we didn’t quote), but some did not (which we did quote).” The question then becomes which is correct??? Once that question is asked, the issue then becomes one of authority. We believe that the Magisterium decides matters like this - and tells us what to believe - they believe that they can believe whatever they want. Of course, it’s mere chance that they decide to believe the opposite of what the Catholic Church teaches, which, of course, entitles them to start their own church. Imagine that.
 
The article is extremely deceptive. Quoting Tertullian and Augustine out of context is an egregious affront to the truth. Tertullian’s argument against Marcion is not a direct discussion of the Eucharist and was not intended to define it. Instead it was an argument against Marcion’s notion that Jesus didn’t have a real body. Tertullian is basically saying that Jesus didn’t refer to something as his body, in this case the bread in the Eucharist, unless he actually had a real body. His statements are made as logical argument against Marcion’s erroneous ideas and are not an explanation for or against the real presence in the Eucharist.

There is symbolism in the Eucharist and none of the ECF’s denied this fact. Augustine and Tertullian both believed in the real presence in the Eucharist but also believed in the symbolic aspects. The primary symbolism is the separation of the body and blood. This is a sign of Christ’s death on the cross and is symbolic of that in the representation of Christ’s sacrifice at the mass. None of this would contradict the true presence as explained by the Church and its definition of Transubstantiation.

Those that wish to cherry pick quotes from Tertullian and Augustine to prove that they didn’t believe in the real presence are either incredibly ignorant and poor scholars, or they are basically dishonest. I’ll give them the benefit of the doubt and suggest that it is the former condition that prompts their mistakes.
 
This is an extremely dangerous website. It is meant to lure faithful Catholics outside of the Church. Just take a look at the website title. His teaching is about the perpetual virginity of Mary is not right. His believes that this belief is the invention of human minds. If only he knew that she was inspoused to the Holy Spirit and did not have any other children.

He doesn’t know that the Early Fathers taught that there is purgatory.

He doesn’t even understand the Rosary.

He confuses tradition with his own interpretations that have lasted for only 500 years.

This is dangerous!
 
My one Protestant friend claims that the Early Church’s thoughts on Real Presence in the Eucharist are not as unanimous as Catholics like to think they are.
Your friend may be right…the Fathers may not be as “unanimous” on the particulars as we Catholics would “like to think they are.” For instance, they didn’t always use the same terminology and same concepts from location to location and century to century when they discussed the topic.

However…

Like Pax pointed out…it’s not good to just pull a quote out of context and say “aha, see, he taught something different!”

That shouldn’t give us a hard time with the truth of what we call “Transubstantiation” though.

Here’s how I like to think about it…the Fathers, as far as I can tell, were unanimous on the “Real Presence” of Christ. Even some of the more well known Fathers that were quoted on that site as saying “symbol” or “signify” type things, in other places, they were crystal clear on it really being Jesus.

But here’s where it can throw people off - most of the early Fathers didn’t have the same philosophical categories or terms that theologians had a mere 600 or 700 years later. They viewed “reality” differently. Not that they were “wrong,” just that they used different terms for things to get their point across. Words such as “nature” and “symbol” to them often meant something different than what they mean to us.

Transubstantiation itself is based on the “Real Presence” that is clearly taught in the Fathers. But the particulars of it are an attempt (rather I should say “Dogma”)… the particulars of it are a Dogma and the truth about the particulars of how to understand this “Real Presence” of Christ when the elements so obviously retain their physical attributes.

Does that help???
 
This is an extremely dangerous website. It is meant to lure faithful Catholics outside of the Church. Just take a look at the website title. His teaching is about the perpetual virginity of Mary is not right. His believes that this belief is the invention of human minds. If only he knew that she was inspoused to the Holy Spirit and did not have any other children.

He doesn’t know that the Early Fathers taught that there is purgatory.

He doesn’t even understand the Rosary.

He confuses tradition with his own interpretations that have lasted for only 500 years.

This is dangerous!
Not to be unkind.
 
My one Protestant friend claims that the Early Church’s thoughts on Real Presence in the Eucharist are not as unanimous as Catholics like to think they are.

justforcatholics.org/a179.htm

Anything I could say in response to him?
As others have pointed out, Tertullian and Augstine have been taken out of context.

Tertullian:
“[T]here is not a soul that can at all procure salvation, except it believe whilst it is in the flesh, so true is it that the flesh is the very condition on which salvation hinges. And since the soul is, in consequence of its salvation, chosen to the service of God, it is the flesh which actually renders it capable of such service. The flesh, indeed, is washed [in baptism], in order that the soul may be cleansed . . . the flesh is shadowed with the imposition of hands [in confirmation], that the soul also may be illuminated by the Spirit; the flesh feeds [in the Eucharist] on the body and blood of Christ, that the soul likewise may be filled with God” (The Resurrection of the Dead 8 [A.D. 210]).
How can one feed on a mere symbol? Tertullian is saying that we are actually nourished by His body and blood.

Augustine:
“Christ was carried in his own hands when, referring to his own body, he said, ‘This is my body’ [Matt. 26:26]. For he carried that body in his hands” (Explanations of the Psalms 33:1:10 [A.D. 405]).
“I promised you [new Christians], who have now been baptized, a sermon in which I would explain the sacrament of the Lord’s Table. . . . That bread which you see on the altar, having been sanctified by the word of God, is the body of Christ. That chalice, or rather, what is in that chalice, having been sanctified by the word of God, is the blood of Christ” (Sermons 227 [A.D. 411]).
These men affirmed transubstantiation. Moreover, transubstantiation does not preclude symbolism. A symbol is simply something that has a particular meaning derived from cultural consensus. St. Paul said that whenever we eat His flesh and drink His blood we proclaim His death. The Eucharist is a message to the world.
 
I believe the Eucharist is truly the Body and Blood of Jesus, but transubstantiation? The host taste like bread, the wine taste like wine. Could it not be like Jesus said? (John 6:63) ‘It is the spirit that gives life; the flesh has nothing to offer. The words I have spoken to you are spirit and they are life.”
 
I believe the Eucharist is truly the Body and Blood of Jesus, but transubstantiation? The host taste like bread, the wine taste like wine.
So?
Could it not be like Jesus said? (John 6:63) ‘It is the spirit that gives life; the flesh has nothing to offer. The words I have spoken to you are spirit and they are life.”
And what words did Jesus speak? He spoke that his flesh is real food. That is his blood is real drink. That those that eat his flesh (“gnaw” his flesh in the original Greek) have life within them. When some of disciples objected that Jesus couldn’t possibly mean that they had to really eat his flesh and drink his blood, Jesus didn’t agree with them and say he was only speaking symbolically. Instead, he let them depart from his company.

– Mark L. Chance.
 
So?

And what words did Jesus speak? He spoke that his flesh is real food. That is his blood is real drink. That those that eat his flesh (“gnaw” his flesh in the original Greek) have life within them. When some of disciples objected that Jesus couldn’t possibly mean that they had to really eat his flesh and drink his blood, Jesus didn’t agree with them and say he was only speaking symbolically. Instead, he let them depart from his company.

– Mark L. Chance.
Well Jesus said spirit that gives life, the flesh had nothing to offer. Could he have not been saying that his flesh had nothing to offer, but his spiritual self is what gives life? Is not the Eucharist spiritual food, so why, if he said flesh had nothing to offer would he give us his flesh, it was not spiritual?
 
Well Jesus said spirit that gives life, the flesh had nothing to offer. Could he have not been saying that his flesh had nothing to offer, but his spiritual self is what gives life? Is not the Eucharist spiritual food, so why, if he said flesh had nothing to offer would he give us his flesh, it was not spiritual?
From my own reflection about it, it more than affirms Transubstantiation, as indeed when the priest consecrates the host and wine, the Spirit blesses them and “gives them life”. So Jesus’ Presence in the consecrated host and wine is very real, as it is the Spirit that gives life. So in a very real way then, His flesh has much to offer, as this is the nourishment that we get. This affirmation can be seen in the rest of the passage: He let go of the 60. Why would He do that if He is speaking in symbolic terms? He is morally obliged to come after them and explain, as He said Himself that He is the Truth. Though the Eucharist is spiritual food, it is also very physical. The Early Fathers see the Eucharist to be both physically real, and spiritually real.
 
From my own reflection about it, it more than affirms Transubstantiation, as indeed when the priest consecrates the host and wine, the Spirit blesses them and “gives them life”. So Jesus’ Presence in the consecrated host and wine is very real, as it is the Spirit that gives life. So in a very real way then, His flesh has much to offer, as this is the nourishment that we get. This affirmation can be seen in the rest of the passage: He let go of the 60. Why would He do that if He is speaking in symbolic terms? He is morally obliged to come after them and explain, as He said Himself that He is the Truth. Though the Eucharist is spiritual food, it is also very physical. The Early Fathers see the Eucharist to be both physically real, and spiritually real.
Again I would like to confirm that I know that the Eucharist is truly the Body and Blood of Christ, but does it not make much sense that it is just spiritual? Besides will it change anything or will we lose any benefit if we don’t believe in transubstantiation?
 
As a Celiac, I have been battling with this teaching myself for a few years now.

I have such a hard time accepting that, until the recent low-gluten hosts from the Benedictine nuns in Missouri, there was no safe way for a Celiac to receive communion. How can I accept the teaching on transubstantiation? Yes, the accidents remain, but how can the Eucharist feed the soul if it kills the body? I cannot receive from the cup either as there is a small piece of host in it too. There are a few parishes that will pour a bit of wine in a seperate cup, but most parishes will not do this, and had I not this special host now (which, throughout history, no one had) I would not be able to receive at all.

Another thought that plagues me: “my words are spirit and truth”. Bearing this in mind, and knowing that the “accidents” still remain, and that the “flesh profit nothing”, I believe the Eucharist is spiritual food. Why would we need to literally eat of something in order to have eternal life?

In John 6:35 Jesus said: 35And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life: he that cometh to me shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me shall never thirst.

I think this verse is very key to understanding the rest of John 6 and the Eucharist. And the last: 63It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life.

One thing I can tell you in all honesty, that in all the time I have been unable to receive communion, and now since I had decided to leave the Catholic church while I ponder these things, I have been fed marvelously upon His Word. His words truly are spirit and life, and you don’t have to search the world over to find them (like I had to in order to find a special host), nor do you have to live in an era of technological advances in order to have access to them (as Celiacs have had to do in order to receive safely). I don’t have to wait for a mass to attend in order to receive my nourishment. Use a concordance and do a study on the Word and see how much God has tried to impress upon us the importance of His Word.

I think those who left Jesus when He said these things didn’t have “ears to hear”. It wasn’t a parable he needed to explain. Jesus plainly says that his words are spirit and life - all after telling us that his flesh and blood give life.

I’m not trying to convince anyone of any of this. These are just my thoughts, of which I admittedly see problems with. I happened to have thought a lot about this when I awoke this morning and wanted to add some of my own 2cents to the discussion.
 
Again I would like to confirm that I know that the Eucharist is truly the Body and Blood of Christ, but does it not make much sense that it is just spiritual?
Then you would be contradicting yourself, since if you truly believe the Eucharist to be His Body and Blood, it has to be both physical and spiritual. Reducing it to merely spiritual would, in essence, be making it into a mere symbol, one which the Church does not totally agree with.
Besides will it change anything or will we lose any benefit if we don’t believe in transubstantiation?
As I’ve stated, it would then be reduced to a mere symbol. The Church affirms that Jesus’ Presence in the Eucharist is real physically and spiritually. Jesus in John 6 spoke of it as not merely spiritual, but physical. If it’s merely spiritual, then He would not have set His foot down and let go of the 60, and even willing to let go of the 12. A merely spiritual food would not be an affront to the Jews nor would it cause much dissent among His Disciples. The fact that it caused them much distress, and Jesus not wavering in His stance, affirms that it is not merely spiritual food nor is it a symbol, but is very much a physical reality.
 
I think those who left Jesus when He said these things didn’t have “ears to hear”.
Certainly not, since if that’s the case then He would still be obliged to explain it in spiritual terms to the 12. He didn’t. He was more than willing to let them go as well. This is the only time that Jesus did not even explain it to the 12. His words only? As I have stated in my previous post, such a thing would not be an affront to the Jews nor to His Disciples. Jesus is the Truth, and He was morally obliged to go after them to explain what He meant were He talking about His words as food. It wasn’t just His words that He meant, but something more. The Apostles knew this. The Early Fathers knew this. Are you saying now that the Early Fathers were wrong all along, when they have affirmed Jesus spoke of the Eucharist as not merely spiritual, but actually physical?
 
Again I would like to confirm that I know that the Eucharist is truly the Body and Blood of Christ, but does it not make much sense that it is just spiritual? Besides will it change anything or will we lose any benefit if we don’t believe in transubstantiation?
Yes-
  1. Transubstantiation is a defined dogma of the Catholic Faith that you MUST believe.
  2. Failure of belief in this dogma places you outside the Church - excommunicated ipso-facto.
  3. You are declared “Anathema” by the Council of Trent. Until you recant of this heresy you are denied reception of Holy Communion.
  4. For making such heretical statement, “I do not believe in Transubstantiation” here in public forum you need to go to confession.
Ken
 
Yes-
  1. Transubstantiation is a defined dogma of the Catholic Faith that you MUST believe.
  2. Failure of belief in this dogma places you outside the Church - excommunicated ipso-facto.
  3. You are declared “Anathema” by the Council of Trent. Until you recant of this heresy you are denied reception of Holy Communion.
  4. For making such heretical statement, “I do not believe in Transubstantiation” here in public forum you need to go to confession.
Ken
Isn’t what you are telling me about church law just what Cults do and say? You believe what I say or else.
 
As a Celiac, I have been battling with this teaching myself for a few years now.

I have such a hard time accepting that, until the recent low-gluten hosts from the Benedictine nuns in Missouri, there was no safe way for a Celiac to receive communion. How can I accept the teaching on transubstantiation? Yes, the accidents remain, but how can the Eucharist feed the soul if it kills the body? I cannot receive from the cup either as there is a small piece of host in it too. There are a few parishes that will pour a bit of wine in a seperate cup, but most parishes will not do this, and had I not this special host now (which, throughout history, no one had) I would not be able to receive at all.

Another thought that plagues me: “my words are spirit and truth”. Bearing this in mind, and knowing that the “accidents” still remain, and that the “flesh profit nothing”, I believe the Eucharist is spiritual food. Why would we need to literally eat of something in order to have eternal life?

In John 6:35 Jesus said: 35And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life: he that cometh to me shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me shall never thirst.

I think this verse is very key to understanding the rest of John 6 and the Eucharist. And the last: 63It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life.

One thing I can tell you in all honesty, that in all the time I have been unable to receive communion, and now since I had decided to leave the Catholic church while I ponder these things, I have been fed marvelously upon His Word. His words truly are spirit and life, and you don’t have to search the world over to find them (like I had to in order to find a special host), nor do you have to live in an era of technological advances in order to have access to them (as Celiacs have had to do in order to receive safely). I don’t have to wait for a mass to attend in order to receive my nourishment. Use a concordance and do a study on the Word and see how much God has tried to impress upon us the importance of His Word.

I think those who left Jesus when He said these things didn’t have “ears to hear”. It wasn’t a parable he needed to explain. Jesus plainly says that his words are spirit and life - all after telling us that his flesh and blood give life.

I’m not trying to convince anyone of any of this. These are just my thoughts, of which I admittedly see problems with. I happened to have thought a lot about this when I awoke this morning and wanted to add some of my own 2cents to the discussion.
Choosing religion based on your own personal insights and feelings that go against what the Church has always taught. It is the same with practicing homosexuals who need to feed their own desires over what the Church teaches.

The Church teaches that you can make a spiritual communion if unable to physically receive Holy Communion.

You need to talk to someone concerning your disability, someone in the Catholic Faith who is knowledgable on this issue instead of going off on your own, opening Scripture and interpreting things on your own…when they lead you down the path of heresy and destruction of your soul.

Ken
 
Isn’t what you are telling me about church law just what Cults do and say? You believe what I say or else.
No. Open Scripture for yourself and Jesus Himself says the same.

If you believe differently than others then that means truth is relative. It is Pagan Rome reborn. “What is truth” Pilate said. That was the way of Pagan Rome- everyone could have their own individual beliefs concerning religion and the definite truth was not known.

Jesus said for us to believe EVERYTHING taught to us. Nowhere does He say you can believe differently and get away with it. Nowhere does Scripture teach that some teachings are essential and others are not.

Ken
 
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