Common Misconceptions About Islam

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Common Misconceptions About Islam

Islam today is a religion that is highly misunderstood, highly misinterpreted and highly misrepresented, especially by the western media. There are many issues today that dwell in the minds of people who seek to know the real truth about Islam, yet the avenues that depict Islam give them a very bad impression of this way of life. Let us embark on a quest to share the truth of many of these misconceptions that are in the back of the minds of many people from all parts of the Globe.

All muslims are Arabs

The Muslim population around the world is approximately 1.4 billion and it is still growing since Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world. Muslims range from Black in Africa, to Chinese, to Arabs and Asians from the Indian subcontinent, actually from all over the world. Only 18% of the Muslims are Arabs. The largest Muslim community is in Indonesia. There are 30% in the Indian subcontinent, 20% in Africa, 18% in the Arab world, 17% in South East Asia, 10% in Russia and China. There are 8 million Muslims in the US alone. So we can see that Muslims are not all Arab; far from it.

All muslims marry 4 wives.

Most definitely not. Most Muslims have only one wife; only a tiny percentage of Muslims worldwide practice polygamy. Islam did not bring about polygamy; rather, it regulated it. Before Islam, men had as many women as they wanted and there were no laws as to how they were treated, as they were considered “property”. If we look back in history, according to the Bible Abraham had three wives: Sarah, Hagar and Keturah. Some can call them concubines if they wish, but they were married to them. Jacob had two wives, while David and Solomon had hundreds. Islam just brought the rules on how to go about it, that a limit of four was set, with conditions of fair treatment of each one. It is not a free for all; it is only the permission given to have more than one wife, but not necessarily four, and only as long as he can guarantee to be fair to each one. The permission was given in order to make a better society, to help widows and orphans. Since there are more women than men, and as the world goes due to wars more men are getting killed, Islam brings about a solution to the problem. Which is better? A second or third wife that is treated fairly and equitably, or mistresses without any rights and children who are illegitimate?

Muslims are violent, extremists and terrorists.

This is the biggest misconception that is a result of the Media’s Islam bashing. When Catholics of Northern Ireland bombed tube stations in Britain, or gunmen attacked mosques in the name of Judaism, or Serbs killed and raped innocent Bosnian women and children, their acts were not attributed to the Christian religion. But in the case when a Muslim does the same act, we hear a “Muslim fundamentalist or extremist”. Many actions are perpetrated by Muslims in the name of Islam for political or personal gain, which have nothing to do with Islam or its teachings. Islam condemns the killing of civilians and in the Quran permission is given to fight in self defense, or to drive out those oppressors who have driven you out of your land
Allah says in the Quran:
Chapter 2
190. And fight in the Way of Allâh those who fight you, but transgress not the limits. Truly, Allâh likes not the transgressors. [This Verse is the first one that was revealed in connection with Jihâd, but it was supplemented by another (V.9:36)].
191. And kill them wherever you find them, and turn them out from where they have turned you out. And Al-Fitnah is worse than killing. And fight not with them at Al-Masjid-al-Harâm (the sanctuary at Makkah), unless they (first) fight you there. But if they attack you, then kill them. Such is the recompense of the disbelievers.
It is not a license to kill every one but strict rules are attached to combat in Islam. One has no right to cut down trees, to kill old people, women and children. Allah says clearly above in the Quran that he does not like transgressors. The other misconception attached to this is the misunderstanding that because Islam is the Religion of peace then Muslims should not fight back when being attacked but rather turn the other cheek. All over the world Muslims who are being attacked and resist are in turn called terrorist and a vow is made to exterminate them. In all fairness any nation that is attacked will defend itself from oppression and occupation, but Muslims are expected to give in and not resist and hand over the keys. The term jihad is highly misunderstood, a jihad is a struggle and can take shape of a military struggle or a struggle in owns self. Muslims standing firm on their faith is a big struggle too.

To be cont…
 
Cont…

Islam oppresses women.

One of the first things shown to women in the west is that Islam oppresses them, by forcing them to wear the veil. What is not perceived is that Islam in covering women protects them from the evils of the society, since in Islam a woman is treated with utmost respect. I am sure one cannot disrespect the womb that bore him. Islam treats women with gentleness that needs to be protected. This veil is protecting her (married or unmarried) from the evils of man. Islam actually gives rights to women, when a woman marries in the west she becomes her husband’s property. She takes her husbands name and loses her family name. Her property is passed on to her husband. Whereas in Islam the woman retains her maiden name and her property is hers to do what she pleases. Obviously she would do best to take her husband’s advice on the matter. Woman in Islam is the full equal partner for man as Allah says in the Quran that the spouse is a garment for one another, because they are supposed to be a comfort for each other
Chapter 2:
187 Permitted to you, on the night of the fasts, is the approach to your wives. They are your Garments and ye are their Garments
Chapter 7
189 It is He Who has created you from a single person (Adam), and (then) He has created from him his wife [Hawwa (Eve)], in order that he might enjoy the pleasure of living with her.
The prophet Mohamed (peace be upon him) taught that “the best amongst the men are those who are best to their wives.” There are if not thousands, but tens of thousands of Muslim men who help their wives, who cook and clean and nurse their wives when they are sick. If Islam oppressed women, we should as ourselves why mainly women are coming to Islam. Well educated women not uneducated ones. The dress code in Islam is modest for both men and women. In Islam a girl has the right to refuse a marriage proposal.

Muslims don’t believe in GOD or worship a different GOD.

Allah is the name for GOD in Arabic. So even an Arab Christian would say Allah when he is referring to GOD. Allah for the Muslims is the only one GOD who has no partners, no sons and daughters and wives unlike the ancient pagan GODS. He is neither born nor does he give birth. Allah is exactly the same word which the Jews in Hebrew use Eloha. Islam, Christianity and Judaism worship the same GOD, and the prophets they believe in are the same too. The same messengers brought the same messages at different time to different people. Islam believes in Jesus and Moses and all other prophets. Islam reveres Jesus as one of the greatest Porphet sent to mankind and his mother Mary is revered too. More than a whole chapter of the Quran is devoted to Mary and Prophet Jesus (peace be upon them all).

To be cont…
 
Cont…

Islam was spread by the sword and is intolerant of other faiths.

The usual picture of a Muslim shown to people especially in the west is an image of a Muslim with a sword or a gun in one hand and a Quran in the other. Conquering and forcibly converting nation after nation. This is a total distortion of the truth. Islam has always respected and given freedom to all faiths. Non muslim nations have lived together with Muslims in Muslim countries in harmony for centuries. Allah says in the holy Quran:
Chapter 60:
8. Allâh does not forbid you to deal justly and kindly with those who fought not against you on account of religion and did not drive you out of your homes. Verily, Allâh loves those who deal with equity.
9. It is only as regards those who fought against you on account of religion, and have driven you out of your homes, and helped to drive you out, that Allâh forbids you to befriend them. And whosoever will befriend them, then such are the Zâlimûn (wrong-doers those who disobey Allâh). I think this is fair in all accounts that one who is at peace with you, that you be at peace with them too and those who attack you, and yours and kill you and help others or support others who do so then they cannot be friends.
Islam is tolerant of other religions too since in the Quran Allah says:
Chapter 2
256. There is no compulsion in religion. Verily, the Right Path has become distinct from the wrong path. Whoever disbelieves in Tâghût and believes in Allâh, then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold that will never break. And Allâh is All-Hearer, All-Knower. There are thousands if not millions of non Muslims working and living very comfortable lives in Muslim lands, earning very good wages and living in harmony with Muslims and are not forced to come to Islam. Non Muslims in Muslims are shown Islam in order that they understand it but in under no circumstances are they forced to accept the faith. In countries like The United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Palestine, Syria and Lebanon just to name a few, non Muslims are free to practice their faith and even have churches. Racism is not part of Islam in the Quran Allah says how he made all man equal:
Chapter 49
13. O mankind! We have created you from a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that you may know one another. Verily, the most honourable of you with Allâh is that (believer) who has At-Taqwa *. Verily, Allâh is All-Knowing, All-Aware.
There are many other misconceptions and distortions about Islam that may be we can look at them on another occasion.

Read the full article here:

magic-city-news.com/article_2620.shtml

Peace*
 
There is only one point in your whole list that I see is just flat out wrong… Islam most definitely was spread by the sword.
 
Please read what Dr.Zaker answer to this Misconception:

Answer:

It is a common complaint among some non-Muslims that Islam would not have
millions of adherents all over the world, if it had not been spread by the use of force. The following points will make it clear, that far from being spread by the
sword, it was the inherent force of truth, reason and logic that was responsible
for the rapid spread of Islam.
  1. Islam means peace.
    Islam comes from the root word ‘salaam’, which means peace. It also means submitting one’s will to Allah (swt). Thus Islam is a religion of peace, which is acquired by submitting one’s will to the will of the Supreme Creator, Allah (swt).
  2. Sometimes force has to be used to maintain peace.
    Each and every human being in this world is not in favour of maintaining peace
    and harmony. There are many, who would disrupt it for their own vested interests. Sometimes force has to be used to maintain peace. It is precisely for this reason that we have the police who use force against criminals and antisocial elements to maintain peace in the country. Islam promotes peace. At the
    same time, Islam exhorts it followers to fight where there is oppression. The fight against oppression may, at times, require the use of force. In Islam force can only be used to promote peace and justice.
  3. Opinion of historian De Lacy O’Leary.
    The best reply to the misconception that Islam was spread by the sword is given by the noted historian De Lacy O’Leary in the book “Islam at the cross road” (Page 8):
    “History makes it clear however, that the legend of fanatical Muslims sweeping through the world and forcing Islam at the point of the sword upon conquered races is one of the most fantastically absurd myth that historians have ever repeated.”
  4. Muslims ruled Spain for 800 years.
Muslims ruled Spain for about 800 years. The Muslims in Spain never used the sword to force the people to convert. Later the Christian Crusaders came to
Spain and wiped out the Muslims. There was not a single Muslim in Spain who could openly give the adhan, that is the call for prayers.
  1. 14 million Arabs are Coptic Christians.
    Muslims were the lords of Arabia for 1400 years. For a few years the British ruled, and for a few years the French ruled. Overall, the Muslims ruled Arabia for 1400 years. Yet today, there are 14 million Arabs who are Coptic Christians
    i.e. Christians since generations. If the Muslims had used the sword there would not have been a single Arab who would have remained a Christian.
  2. More than 80% non-Muslims in India.
The Muslims ruled India for about a thousand years. If they wanted, they had the power of converting each and every non-Muslim of India to Islam. Today more than 80% of the population of India are non-Muslims. All these non-Muslim Indians are bearing witness today that Islam was not spread by the sword.
  1. Indonesia and Malaysia.
Indonesia is a country that has the maximum number of Muslims in the world. The majority of people in Malaysia are Muslims. May one ask, “Which Muslim army went to Indonesia and Malaysia?”
  1. East Coast of Africa.
Similarly, Islam has spread rapidly on the East Coast of Africa. One may again ask, if Islam was spread by the sword, “Which Muslim army went to the East Coast of Africa?”
  1. Thomas Carlyle.
The famous historian, Thomas Carlyle, in his book “Heroes and Hero worship”, refers to this misconception about the spread of Islam: “The sword indeed, but where will you get your sword? Every new opinion, at its starting is precisely in a minority of one. In one man’s head alone. There it dwells as yet. One man
alone of the whole world believes it, there is one man against all men. That he takes a sword and try to propagate with that, will do little for him. You must get your sword! On the whole, a thing will propagate itself as it can.”

To be cont…
 
Cont…
  1. No compulsion in religion.
With which sword was Islam spread? Even if Muslims had it they could not use it to spread Islam because the Qur’an says in the following verse:

“Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from
error”
[Al-Qur’an 2:256]
  1. Sword of the Intellect.
It is the sword of intellect. The sword that conquers the hearts and minds of people. The Qur’an says in Surah Nahl, chapter 16 verse 125:
“Invite (all) to the way of thy Lord with wisdom and beautiful preaching;
and argue with them in ways that are best and most gracious.”
[Al-Qur’an 16:125]
  1. Increase in the world religions from 1934 to 1984.
    An article in Reader’s Digest ‘Almanac’, year book 1986, gave the statistics of the increase of percentage of the major religions of the world in half a century from 1934 to 1984. This article also appeared in ‘The Plain Truth’ magazine. At the top was Islam, which increased by 235%, and Christianity had increased
    only by 47%. May one ask, which war took place in this century which converted millions of people to Islam?
  2. Islam is the fastest growing religion in America and Europe.
    Today the fastest growing religion in America is Islam. The fastest growing religion in Europe in Islam. Which sword is forcing people in the West to accept Islam in such large numbers?
  3. Dr. Joseph Adam Pearson.
    Dr. Joseph Adam Pearson rightly says, “People who worry that nuclear weaponry will one day fall in the hands of the Arabs, fail to realize that the Islamic bomb has been dropped already, it fell the day MUHAMMED (pbuh) was
    born”.
Peace.
 
Misconception for Muslims. Not for me personally. Nothing new what you bring here.
 
40.png
exoflare:
None of that stuff you wrote even addresses what I said.
That 14 points clarified that Islam was not spread by the sword.
 
Salaam my friend,

Didn’t we talk about this before? Muslim population was ±1.2 billion, now it’s 1.4 billion. That’s fast growing! You are exaggerating your figures.

China has only ~1-2% Muslim or 10-24 million people. Chinese Muslims are not ethnic Han. They are Hui, Turks, and Urgh.
For your own information, Chinese people don’t care about converting to Islam. They want their reward in this world i.e. making money, eating pork, and developing their economy.

cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ch.html

Southeast Asia (with total population) excluding Malaysia and Indonesia has roughly 2% Muslims. Majority of them are in Southern Thailand. Cambodia, Loas, and Vietnam have near zero percent Muslim population.

cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/th.html

Malaysia and Indonesia have ethnic Chinese. Every small number of them converted to Islam. The reasons: Chinese people love making money, eating proks, and developing their economy, and other worldly rewards. Look at what happened to the Chinese after the Asian financial crisis. Muslim Malaysian and Indonesians were the one who burned and pondered Chinese owned business. They were just mad because they were successful.

Military conquest helped Islam to spread in Malaysia: In the early part of the 15th century, the Sultanate of Malacca was established under a dynasty which was started by a prince by the name of Parameswara from Palembang who fled from the island Temasek, which is now Singapore. With Malacca as its capital, the sultanate controlled the areas which are now Peninsula Malaysia, southern Thailand (Patani), and the eastern coast of Sumatra. It existed for more than a century, and within that time period Islam spread to most of the Malay archipelago. Malacca was an important trading port.

Islam spreaded to Indonesia by conversion and later by conquest: Under the influences of Hinduism and Buddhism, several kingdoms formed on the islands of Sumatra and Java from the 7th to 14th century. The arrival of Arabs trading in spices later brought Islam, which became the dominant religion in many parts of the archipelago after the collapse of Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms.
 
Peace

My point was not the statistics, i used the statistics to clarify that Islam was not spread by the sword.

Salam
 
gurrato alaien:
Peace

My point was not the statistics, i used the statistics to clarify that Islam was not spread by the sword.

Salam
Are you really sure that Islam is not spread by the sword?
 
You are arguing after the facts. Look at Malaysia and Indonesia. Its leaders were peacefully converted and then they went on a rampage killing and expanding their kingdom and forcing their subjects to convert. Weren’t their actions by the sword?

**East Africa: Uganda **

When Idi Amin, a Ugandan Muslim, became president in 1971, his presidency seemed to be a victory for Uganda’s Muslim community. Then in 1972, Amin’s expulsion of Asians from Uganda reduced the Muslim population significantly. As his administration deteriorated into a brutal and unsuccessful regime, Uganda’s Muslims began to distance themselves from those in power. (I don’t know about Muslim distancing themselves from Amin).
 
40.png
exoflare:
There is only one point in your whole list that I see is just flat out wrong… Islam most definitely was spread by the sword.
I think that you deliberately refuse to accept a truth that is put before you.The poster has given his evidences from those who have researched and know the history. Where are your eveidences rather than just repeat “Islam most definitely was spread by the sword”.
In Pre crusade Europe Jews and Christians lived in peace and practiced their own faith,all the lands owned and run by muslims were highly wealthy and prosperous even for the non muslims, until some 10 000 dimwits decided to go on a rampage.They even killed thousands of Jews on the way.Whatever was not christian was an infidel at the time of the Crusades and blood ran knee high.Now that is spreading by the sword. Even the most Spanish of Spanish who were born muslim at the time were either massacred or forced to convert.Same sh** happened in the Philipines too which was Muslim now was that not by the sword that they are now country men of king Philip.
Peace
straightpath 😃
 
See the following

Question #43087: Was Islam spread by the sword? 63.175.194.25/index.php?ln=eng&ds=qa&lv=browse&QR=43087&dgn=4 ( islamqa.com/ )
Question :
Here are some excerpts from it (bold and underline emphasis mine)
Was Islam spread by the sword?.
Praise be to Allaah.
We have already stated in question no. 34830 that jihad is of two types: taking the initiative in fighting and jihad in self-defence.
Undoubtedly taking the initiative in fighting has a great effect in spreading Islam and bringing people into the religion of Allaah in crowds. Hence the hearts of the enemies of Islam are filled with fear of jihad.
In the English-language Muslim World Magazine it says: There should be some kind of fear in the western world, one of the causes of which is that since the time it first appeared in Makkah, Islam has never decreased in numbers, rather it has always continued to increase and spread. Moreover Islam is not only a religion, rather one of its pillars is jihad.
Robert Bean says: The Muslims conquered the entire world before and they could do it again.
The Orientalists wanted to slander Islam by claiming that it was spread by the sword.
**The orientalist Thomas Arnold wrote his book The Preaching of Islam with the aim of killing off the spirit of jihad among the Muslims and proving that Islam was not spread by the sword, rather that it spread by means of peaceful preaching, free from any use of force.
The Muslims fell into the trap that was set up for them. When they heard the orientalists’ accusations that Islam was spread by the sword, they said: You are mistaken, listen to a refutation from one of your own people, this Thomas says such and such. **
The defeatists among the Muslims come out to defend Islam, and they want to disavow Islam of this so-called lie, so they deny that Islam was spread by the sword, and they say that jihad is not prescribed in Islam, except in the case of self-defence. There is no such thing in Islam as taking the initiative in fighting in their view. This goes against what the Muslim scholars have stated, let alone the fact that it goes against the Qur’aan and Sunnah.
If Islam was only spread by peaceful means, what would the kuffaar have to be afraid of? Of mere words spoken on the tongue? In al-Saheehayn it is narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “I have been supported with fear as far as a month’s journey.” Would the kuffaar be afraid of being told, “become Muslim, but if you do not then you are free to believe and do whatever you want”? or were they afraid of jihad and the imposition of the jizyah and being humiliated? That may make them enter Islam so that they may be spared this humiliation.
Fiqh al-Da’wah by Sayyid Qutb, 217-222.
It says in Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (12/14):
Islam spread by means of proof and evidence to those who listened to the message and responded to it, and it spread by means of force and the sword to those who were stubborn and arrogant, until they were overwhelmed and became no longer stubborn, and submitted to that reality.
see rest of article for more proof 👍
 
The Timeline
630 Two years before Muhammad’s death of a fever, he launches the Tabuk Crusades, in which he led 30,000 jihadists against the Byzantine Christians. He had heard a report that a huge army had amassed to attack Arabia, but the report turned out to be a false rumor. The Byzantine army never materialized. He turned around and went home, but not before extracting “agreements” from northern tribes. They could enjoy the “privilege” of living under Islamic “protection” (read: not be attacked by Islam), if they paid a tax.
This tax sets the stage for Muhammad’s and the later Caliphs’ policies. If the attacked city or region did not want to convert to Islam, then they paid a jizya tax. If they converted, then they paid a zakat tax. Either way, money flowed back to the Islamic treasury in Arabia or to the local Muslim governor.
632-634 Under the Caliphate of Abu Bakr the Muslim Crusaders reconquer and sometimes conquer for the first time the polytheists of Arabia. These Arab polytheists had to convert to Islam or die. They did not have the choice of remaining in their faith and paying a tax. Islam does not allow for religious freedom.
633 The Muslim Crusaders, led by Khalid al-Walid, a superior but bloodthirsty military commander, whom Muhammad nicknamed the Sword of Allah for his ferocity in battle (Tabari, 8:158 / 1616-17), conquer the city of Ullays along the Euphrates River (in today’s Iraq). Khalid captures and beheads so many that a nearby canal, into which the blood flowed, was called Blood Canal (Tabari 11:24 / 2034-35).
634 At the Battle of Yarmuk in Syria the Muslim Crusaders defeat the Byzantines. Today Osama bin Laden draws inspiration from the defeat, and especially from an anecdote about Khalid al-Walid. In Khalid’s day an unnamed Muslim remarks: “The Romans are so numerous and the Muslims so few.” To this Khalid retorts: “How few are the Romans, and how many the Muslims! Armies become numerous only with victory and few only with defeat, not by the number of men. By God, I would love it . . . if the enemy were twice as many” (Tabari, 11:94 / 2095). Osama bin Laden quotes Khalid and says that his fighters love death more than we in the West love life. This philosophy of death probably comes from a verse like Sura 2:96. Muhammad assesses the Jews: “[Prophet], you are sure to find them [the Jews] clinging to life more eagerly than any other people, even polytheists” (MAS Abdel Haleem, The Qur’an, Oxford UP, 2004; first insertion in brackets is Haleem’s; the second mine).
634-644 The Caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab, who is regarded as particularly brutal.
635 Muslim Crusaders besiege and conquer of Damascus.
636 Muslim Crusaders defeat Byzantines decisively at Battle of Yarmuk.
637 Muslim Crusaders conquer Iraq at the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah (some date it in 635 or 636).
638 Muslim Crusaders conquer and annex Jerusalem, taking it from the Byzantines.
638-650 Muslim Crusaders conquer Iran, except along Caspian Sea.
639-642 Muslim Crusaders conquer Egypt.
641 Muslim Crusaders control Syria and Palestine.
643-707 Muslim Crusaders conquer North Africa.
644 Caliph Umar is assassinated by a Persian prisoner of war; Uthman ibn Affan is elected third Caliph, who is regarded by many Muslims as gentler than Umar.
644-650 Muslim Crusaders conquer Cyprus, Tripoli in North Africa, and establish Islamic rule in Iran, Afghanistan, and Sind.
656 Caliph Uthman is assassinated by disgruntled Muslim soldiers; Ali ibn Abi Talib, son-in-law and cousin to Muhammad, who married the prophet’s daughter Fatima through his first wife Khadija, is set up as Caliph.
656 Battle of the Camel, in which Aisha, Muhammad’s wife, leads a rebellion against Ali for not avenging Uthman’s assassination. Ali’s partisans win.
657 Battle of Siffin between Ali and Muslim governor of Jerusalem, arbitration goes against Ali
661 Murder of Ali by an extremist; Ali’s supporters acclaim his son Hasan as next Caliph, but he comes to an agreement with Muawiyyah I and retires to Medina.
661-680 the Caliphate of Muawiyyah I. He founds Umayyid dynasty and moves capital from Medina to Damascus
673-678 Arabs besiege Constantinople, capital of Byzantine Empire
680 Massacre of Hussein (Muhammad’s grandson), his family, and his supporters in Karbala, Iraq.
691 Dome of the Rock is completed in Jerusalem, only six decades after Muhammad’s death.
705 Abd al-Malik restores Umayyad rule.
710-713 Muslim Crusaders conquer the lower Indus Valley.
cont…
 

711-713 Muslim Crusaders conquer Spain and impose the kingdom of Andalus. This article recounts how Muslims today still grieve over their expulsion 700 years later. They seem to believe that the land belonged to them in the first place.
719 Cordova, Spain, becomes seat of Arab governorship.
732 The Muslim Crusaders are stopped at the Battle of Poitiers; that is, Franks (France) halt Arab advance.
749 The Abbasids conquer Kufah and overthrow Umayyids.
756 Foundation of Umayyid emirate in Cordova, Spain, setting up an independent kingdom from Abbasids.
762 Foundation of Baghdad
785 Foundation of the Great Mosque of Cordova
789 Rise of Idrisid emirs (Muslim Crusaders) in Morocco; foundation of Fez; Christoforos, a Muslim who converted to Christianity, is executed.
800 Autonomous Aghlabid dynasty (Muslim Crusaders) in Tunisia.
807 Caliph Harun al-Rashid orders the destruction of non-Muslim prayer houses and of the Church of Mary Magdalene in Jerusalem.
809 Aghlabids (Muslim Crusaders) conquer Sardinia, Italy.
813 Christians in Palestine are attacked; many flee the country.
831 Muslim Crusaders capture of Palermo, Italy; raids in Southern Italy.
850 Caliph al-Matawakkil orders the destruction of non-Muslim houses of prayer.
855 Revolt of the Christians of Hims (Syria)
837-901 Aghlabids (Muslim Crusaders) conquer Sicily, raid Corsica, Italy, France.
869-883 Revolt of black slaves in Iraq
909 Rise of the Fatimid Caliphate in Tunisia; these Muslim Crusaders occupy Sicily, Sardinia.
928-969 Byzantine military revival, they retake old territories, such as Cyprus (964) and Tarsus (969).
937 The Ikhshid, a particularly harsh Muslim ruler, writes to Emperor Romanus, boasting of his control over the holy places.
937 The Church of the Resurrection (known as Church of Holy Sepulcher in Latin West) is burned down by Muslims; more churches in Jerusalem are attacked …
Taken from
“Timeline of the Islamic Crusades
The Truth about Islamic Imperialism”
by James M. Arlandson answering-islam.org/Authors/Arlandson/crusades_timeline.htm
(click on link to see the rest of the timeline and the rest of the article)
 
So what is the truth about the Crusades? Scholars are still working some of that out. But much can already be said with certainty. For starters, the Crusades to the East were in every way defensive wars. They were a direct response to Muslim aggression—an attempt to turn back or defend against Muslim conquests of Christian lands.
Christians in the eleventh century were not paranoid fanatics. Muslims really were gunning for them. While Muslims can be peaceful, Islam was born in war and grew the same way. From the time of Mohammed, the means of Muslim expansion was always the sword. Muslim thought divides the world into two spheres, the Abode of Islam and the Abode of War. Christianity—and for that matter any other non-Muslim religion—has no abode. Christians and Jews can be tolerated within a Muslim state under Muslim rule. But, in traditional Islam, Christian and Jewish states must be destroyed and their lands conquered. When Mohammed was waging war against Mecca in the seventh century, Christianity was the dominant religion of power and wealth. As the faith of the Roman Empire, it spanned the entire Mediterranean, including the Middle East, where it was born. The Christian world, therefore, was a prime target for the earliest caliphs, and it would remain so for Muslim leaders for the next thousand years.
With enormous energy, the warriors of Islam struck out against the Christians shortly after Mohammed’s death. They were extremely successful. Palestine, Syria, and Egypt—once the most heavily Christian areas in the world—quickly succumbed. By the eighth century, Muslim armies had conquered all of Christian North Africa and Spain. In the eleventh century, the Seljuk Turks conquered Asia Minor (modern Turkey), which had been Christian since the time of St. Paul. The old Roman Empire, known to modern historians as the Byzantine Empire, was reduced to little more than Greece. In desperation, the emperor in Constantinople sent word to the Christians of western Europe asking them to aid their brothers and sisters in the East.
That is what gave birth to the Crusades. They were not the brainchild of an ambitious pope or rapacious knights but a response to more than four centuries of conquests in which Muslims had already captured two-thirds of the old Christian world. At some point, Christianity as a faith and a culture had to defend itself or be subsumed by Islam. The Crusades were that defense.
Taken from “The Real History of the Crusades”
By Thomas F. Madden (bold and underline emphasis mine)
crisismagazine.com/april2002/cover.htm

Thomas F. Madden is associate professor and chair of the Department of History at Saint Louis University. He is the author of numerous works, including A Concise History of the Crusades, and co-author, with Donald Queller, of The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople.

see also see
“The Legacy of Jihad - Islamic Holy War and the Fate of Non-Muslims” by Andrew G Bostom
amazon.com/gp/product/1591023076/qid=1137580824/sr=2-1/ref=pd_bbs_b_2_1/002-2736122-2720823?s=books&v=glance&n=283155

( here is Andrew G Bostom’s website andrewbostom.org/ )
 
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