Your Anglican friend is quite wrong. The Articles are not normative for Anglicans, generally, except in the case of the clergy of the CoE, who fall under the 1571 Parliamentary Act of Subscription (to the extent it might still be enforced), or who belong to an Anglican jurisdiction which does in some sense require assent to them There are such.
The XXXIX Articles (like the numerous preceding documents that had appeared over the previous 20 years or so), are religion as statecraft; how Elizabeth choose to govern her fractious and explosive Church, in the historical context of the late 1500s. They reflect the mind of the CoE on the pressing and disruptive issues of the Reformation, and are written broadly, with a balanced appeal to both the older doctrines of the Church, and the more reformed ones. They are, indeed, the visible face of the Via Media, the Elizabethan Compromise. Their relevance to Anglicans today depends on the attitude of the Anglicans in question. Generally, one may affirm, deny, or partially do either, depending on personal interpretation, or possibly on the strictures of whatever parish/province one belongs to. In fact, since many of them are “mere Christianity”, almost any Trinitarian Christian will find many things to agree with, without indulging in Tract 90 forms of exegesis. But, except as noted (and that is a technical point; CoE clergy are required not so much to affirm the Articles as not “dis-affirm” them), as an item, the Articles cannot be said to have any general application, to Anglicans generally, without reference to some governing authority.
Your opinion that the more Anglo-Catholic an Anglican might be, the more such a person is Catholic, I can certainly agree with. But please, tell me how the Six Articles removed the idea of auricular confession. (Sixthly, that auricular confession is expedient and necessary to be retained and continued, used and frequented in the Church of God).
You make a point or two that do you credit as a RC, but are not something an Anglican need assent to, Anglicans being Anglicans. And there is a good deal more I might say on the subject, it being something (Articles in particular) that I’ve been posting on for many years. But…my wife is calling for help on taxes, so that will take precedence.
Main point: Anglicans are motley. Hence, not simple to understand.