The name Rock – “Cephas” and “Caiphas” interchangeable
Not a proper name
The Greek word Kēphas (Khfaj spelled kappa-eta-phi–alpha–sigma) is a transliteration into Greek letters of the Aramaic word Keypha ()pyk spelled caph-yod-peh-aleph = kyp’) for ‘rock’, for John explains in his Greek Gospel that Simon’s new name Kēphas means ‘rock’ (and is translated into ‘Petros’)
- …] we have no verified usage of Keypha as an Aramaic name prior to the NT usage. 2) We do in fact have a few cases of TITLES being translated from Semitic languages into Greek:Mashiach/Christos; Thomas/Didymus; Abba/Pater; etc. So, the move from Keypha to Petros is by no means without parallel in early Christianity. 3) All indications are that Keypha arose NOT as a name but as a title or nickname (i.e., either a formal or informal sobriquet).
15 In the Greek text of Matt 26,3.57 Luke 3,2 John 11,49 18,13 Acts 4,besides ‘Kaiaphas’ also ‘Kaiphas’ appears.
E.g.: eij de tij ec autwn Kaiafaj (Kaifaj: P45,75vid D it vgcl sa ac2) John 11,49, and en gar penqeroj tou Kaiafa ( Kaifa: C D it vgcl sa ac2 pbo) John 18,13. In John 18,14.24.28 only Kaiafaj is found. The Vulgate uses only ‘Caiphas’ (Matt 26,3.57; Luke 3,2; John 11,49 18,13.14.24.28; Acts 4,6). [NA27 (Novum Testamentum Graece, Stuttgart 27. ausgabe 1993, 8. Druck 2001]
16 Jos., J.Ant. 18,2,2: “and when he (Simon, the son of Camithus) had possessed that dignity (of high priest) no longer than a year, Joseph Caiaphas was made his successor.” 18,4,3: “Besides which, he also deprived Joseph, who was also called Caiaphas, of the high priesthood”.
17Oosthoeks Encyclopedie (Utrecht 1968) 8, p. 328 at “Kefas”
18 According to Allegro Kaiapha(s) is a Greek transliteration of the Arabic word qā’ifun, which means ‘investigator, prognosticator; physiognomist’ and is the participle of the Arabic verb qāfa, meaning ‘follow; examine, investigate’
(J.M. ALLEGRO, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Christian Myth (1979, 2nd revised American edition: New York 1992) p.
212-13, 236-37).
www.jesusking.info/Paul’s%20Cephas%20is%20Caiphas%2004-01-2009.pdf