I agree with your point of Jewish use of Scriptures and Oral Traditions. I do think that most Protestants miss two very important things. First, for some period of time, there were NO Christian Scriptures at all.
Okay, this is a picky point and has essentially nothing to do with your main point, but if I don’t say something someone else will, letting all their arrogance hang out; early Christians used the OT as their own Scripture, and didn’t think of themselves as needing “Christian” Scripture. To them, it was basically all right there in the OT. The big difference was, now they had a name for Messiah. Gentile believers, of course, needed a bit more explanation. Okay, back to your important point.
Even if you take the earliest dating system, saying the NT was finished by 70 A.D., the first books were not written until between 35 and 40 A.D., meaning that for some period of time everything was oral. Books were hard to transport and even harder to produce. It was easier to teach my mouth then use Scriptures as a referance. The concept of the rank and file person having easy daily access to Scriptures is not 100% accurate. That person had to make an effort to study, and often times would not be the only one reading a particular Scripture. That is why you see cases of Jesus teaching in the Synagog. Several men would study together. Second, Judaism relied on a longer education process for religion than many give it credit for having. It would take years to learn everything. That said, the Judaism of the Bible requires the Jewish person to have a certain level of knowledge about his faith that the Modern Christain does not have and may not understand.
Well, they took a lot more effort to make sure they had access than you may be giving them credit for. An official Torah had to be copied by rabbis in very particular ways, but there were a lot of rabbis involved in doing just that. Reading Scripture, memorizing it, and talking about it were inculcated from very early ages. Getting together on Saturday and having an adult male read a passage and give a short meditation on it were just part of Jewish spiritual life. All the adults would have all known the passage and been familiar with it already, quite ready to correct any really wild interpretation. It wasn’t a special activity for study, it was woven into their lives.
True, most Christians today don’t have that knowledge, and it’s a shame. Part of that is just being a grafted branch, rather than the natural branch. Part of it was having long ago accepted Greek culture as a satisfactory substitute for Jewish culture in the basic life of a Christian. Part of it is trusting oral tradition as much as written (and that’s on the part of both Protestants and Catholics), something the Jews also had trouble with, as evidenced by Jesus’ rebuke that they sometimes negated the Scripture by their tradition. But at least they actually knew what the tradition was, something I’ve found sadly lacking in most Christians I talk tradition with. You wouldn’t believe how often I’ve heard (from priests, even!) that the Assumption of Mary means that she never died, or that Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the Wittenburg church door!
One of the more subtle examples is Jesus calling Nathanial. Most readers today miss exactly what was said and what he meant. Oral tradition was a big part of this “understood information” for most groups except for the Sadducies.
The contexts of language and culture are very important, no question! However, the NT writers (with the exception, perhaps, of the letter to the Hebrews) knew they were largely dealing with a non-Jewish audience. They did an admirable job of explaining the parts where Jewish language, culture, and practices made a difference to the meaning of the story.
Anyway, do you agree with the Biblical blueprint that I listed for how new communities of CHristians were founded in the first century?
With the exception of those founded by captured slaves, traveling merchants, foreign converts (like the Ethiopian Eunuch), and the original wave of Jewish converts going back home after Pentecost, sure, that’s close enough.