If we all got what we “deserve”, virtually all of us would be shot at sunrise.
As Catholics, however, we believe it is somehow part of God’s plan that some of us have earthly prosperity and that some of us don’t. Despite whatever mental effort we put into it, we can no more plumb the depths of it than we can truly and fully understand why someone gets cancer and another person doesn’t.
But no matter what, we’re all under a death sentence equally; something with which we all struggle at one time or another, just as we struggle with the notions of wealth and poverty.
One trusts and believes that if wealth is part of “our” particular plan, we will use it in a moral way. We know something about what that means, but not entirely. We know wealth carries responsibility with it, but the proper application is not obvious. We work out our salvations as we are able and as we believe we are to do, and as the Church gives us guidance. The Church does not condemn wealth as such, but does tell us we have obligations toward others.
But none of this tells us anything about “trickle down” which, after all, is nothing but a sarcastic term applied by some to a former president’s tax policies, and has no more basis to be called an “economic theory” than does “pennies from heaven”.